基础英语(上)

　　一. 词义匹配 （共10题,共10分）

　　1. （1分）

　　2. His main rival is going further. （1分）

　　3. （1分）

　　4. I judged from the way she replied that she wasn’t very （1分）

　　5. Her opinion counts because of her experience. （1分）

　　6. （1分）

　　7. （1分）

　　8. （1分）

　　9. （1分）

　　10. （1分）

　　（共20题,共20分）

　　1. He is not very clever, so he decided to work hard to ________ it. （1分）

　　2. His job is ______and tedious. （1分）

　　3. She felt it unforgettable to _______ a moon cake with the children on that Mid-Autumn Day. （1分）

　　7. Environmental groups say action is needed to find clean,?______ energy sources.? （1分）

　　8. Coal ______ in place of oil in this case. （1分）

　　9. The ______ practice in such cases is to apply for a court order. （1分）

　　10. The meeting ______ till next week. （1分）

　　11. Whether the school sports meeting will be held tomorrow or not ______ the weather. （1分）

　　12. Such?a?transition?would?_______?China?with?much?greater?job-creating?potential. （1分）

　　13. He was the greatest?_______?novelist in England. （1分）

　　14. The plant is now in danger of?_______ due to excessive deforestation. （1分）

　　15. He stood there motionless and ________ at the natural beauty of the sea. （1分）

　　16. It is hard for the old woman to ________ the new information age. （1分）

　　20. We had no ______ of transportation except for two bicycles. （1分）

　　（共10题,共10分）

　　1. Manners in every country are different. What is polite in China may not be polite in the United States. These basic 1(?) will help you enjoy western food with your American friends.

　　Always 2(?) the napkin on your lap first. Before 3(?) the table, fold your napkin and put it beside your plate.

　　When eating something in a bowl, do not leave the spoon in the bowl. Put it on the plate 4(?) the bowl. Soup, as well as all American food, is eaten 5(?). Do not pick the bowl 6(?) to hold it closer to your mouth. When you have finished your meal, place your knife and fork side by side on the plate. This signals that you have 7(?) .

　　While eating, remember 8(?) with your mouth full of food.

　　The best way to learn good manners is to watch others. 9(?) the way your western friends eat. This is the best way to avoid making mistakes when you are 10(?) what to do. （10分）

　　(1) 第1空 （1分）

　　(2) 第2空 （1分）

　　(3) 第3空 （1分）

　　(4) 第4空 （1分）

　　(5) 第5空 （1分）

　　(6) 第6空 （1分）

　　(7) 第7空 （1分）

　　(8) 第8空 （1分）

　　(9) 第9空 （1分）

　　(10) 第10空 （1分）

　　（共10题,共20分）

　　1. Have you ever found yourself completely disgusted by your own performance during a job interview? I have, and it was all my own fault. Here’s my worst job interview experience, along with some of the lessons I’ve learned since.

　　Several years ago I wanted to be a federal officer. So I applied for several job openings, went through written tests and even managed to get an interview. I was very excited and felt prepared for anything. When I went in for the interview, I felt almost invincible.

　　That feeling lasted until they started asking me for specific examples of experience,

　　particularly those dealing with teamwork and communication. My job at the time was almost all teamwork, yet, I blanked on examples. I lamely answered those questions by explaining that my previous job required teamwork and communication all the time without any detail.

　　In my experience, most interviewers will ask for a specific example at some point and they want to know exactly how you dealt with the issue. You’d better go over some examples concerning your abilities before the interview and this might help you avoid going blank on those questions.

　　Another question they asked was, “What is your biggest weakness?” I gave the overused, canned answer of, “I’m a perfectionist, and it’s such a problem.” However, the old “make your weakness sound like strength” trick is clichd, and failed me miserably. I actually saw one of my interviewers roll his eyes.

　　Interviewers don’t want to hear that you’re a perfectionist. Too many people say that. Here’s how that works: Regardless of the job, think of a skill you have, but aren’t great at, that may be related but not important to the position you’re seeking. Explain how you want to improve and what you’re doing. It shows your desire to grow, along with an understanding that you’re human. There will always be questions that can rattle you during the job interview, but as long as you are well-prepared and always remain true to yourself, you will find the right job eventually! （10分）

　　(1) The author applied for several jobs and got an interview successfully. （2分）

　　(2) The author gave several vivid examples about his work during the interview. （2分）

　　(3) The interviewee should always prepare some examples regarding his abilities before the interview. （2分）

　　(4) The interviewers were satisfied with the author’s answer to the question “what is your biggest weakness?” （2分）

　　(5) During the interview, the interviewee should always know how to make his weakness sound like strength. （2分）

　　2. A professor stood before his class and had some items in front of him. When the class began, he wordlessly picked up a very large and empty mayonnaise jar and proceeded to fill it with golf balls. He then asked the students if the jar was full.

　　They agreed that it was.

　　The professor next picked up a box of sand and poured it into the jar. Of course, the sand filled up everything else. He asked once more if the jar was full.

　　The students responded with a unanimous “yes”.

　　The professor then produced two Beers from under the table and poured the entire contents into the jar effectively filling the empty space between the sand. The students laughed. “Now,” said the professor as the laughter subsided, “I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life. The golf balls are the important things: your family, your children, your health, your friends and your favorite passions. And if everything else was lost and only they remained, your life would still be full. The sand is everything else — the small stuff like your job, your house and your car. If you put the sand into the jar first, there is no room for the golf balls. The same goes for life. If you spend all your time and energy on the small stuff you will never have room for the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical to your happiness. Take care of the golf balls first — the things that really matter. Set your priorities. The rest is just sand.”

　　One of the students raised her hand and inquired what the Beer represented.

　　The professor smiled and said, “I’m glad you asked. The Beer just shows you that no matter how full your life may seem, there’s always room for a couple of Beers with a friend.” （10分）

　　(1) There was no room left when the sand filled up the jar. （2分）

　　(2) The teacher told the students that the jar was similar to the life. （2分）

　　(3) Besides your family and your health, golf, as a kind of exercises, is another important thing in your life. （2分）

　　(4) If you set small stuff priorities, you’ll lose some important things in your life. （2分）

　　(5) The Beer means you can share times with your friends. （2分）

　　（共20题,共40分）

　　1. Good Health starts from infancy. It is here that protection and care are needed, so that each organ functions well, each organ develops naturally, and there are no deformities, disabilities and diseases. But often the health of children remains neglected, with the result that they grow unhealthily and that affects their education as well.

　　A healthy child develops into a healthy adult. If the child does not grow properly, he may

　　become handicapped in some way and his ill-health may spoil his adult life. He may not be able to join any active service; he may not be a successful professional, and he may not have a happy life .

　　Health is real wealth. A healthy person is an asset to himself, to his family and to his

　　community. Health is the pivot upon which a man’s whole personality and his well-being depend. An ailing and aching body saps the enthusiasm for pursuit.

　　Health cannot be achieved merely by taking one or two pills everyday or by observing a few restrictions. It can be achieved only by understanding what health is, upon what it depends and then applying this knowledge in everyday life.

　　The care of the body regarding food, cleanliness, exercise, rest and protection against disease, is essential for the preservation of sound health. Life is for living. Without health, life is deprived of not only much of its usefulness but also its joys and pleasures.

　　The stream of life will be rich and lasting in proportion to the resources which nourish it. These resources belong to every person. They are food, exercise, proper posture, care of bodily functions, avoidance of alcohol and tobacco and wholesome mental and emotional

　　attitudes. （10分）

　　(1) When should people start paying attention to their health? （2分）

　　(2) If the child does not grow in healthy way, what problems will he meet? （2分）

　　(3) According to the passage, what does health mean to a people? （2分）

　　(4) Through which way can you achieve health? （2分）

　　(5) If you want to keep healthy, you need to do the following things EXCEPT______. （2分）

　　2. With the cost of a college education going through the roof, what would you tell your child to study so he can be sure of getting a good job when he graduates?

　　If your child’s main goal is to get a job, I would suggest he rethink the whole idea of going to college. There is, it seems, a major cause of confusion in our society because people don’t understand the difference between education and training. Education is akin to research and development in that one never knows where, if anywhere, it will eventually lead. It’s certainly a

　　nice luxury if one can afford it and if one has the capacity to grow intellectually but it’s no

　　guarantee of a steady income. Training, on the other hand, addresses the skills and knowledge necessary to do a job. Traditionally, advanced education was reserved for just a tiny portion of the population while all others learned a trade and that was often through the apprentice system. Of course, there were those who worked their way through school and into monied slots but those were mostly schools where one can be trained for a profession such as colleges of law, medicine, business, engineering, etc.

　　So what do you tell your child? If a job and the income it will provide are the most important, then keep in mind that four years of education will cost not only the tuition and living expenses but four years of lost earnings as well. Instead, he might want to consider earning a wage while learning a trade and then putting the same cash and credit into starting a business. Or he might want to consider attending a community college, a mixture that combines mostly remedial schooling with a form of apprenticeship. Stick to the readily applicable skills and technology classes, and there might actually be a job available upon graduation. （10分）

　　(1) According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about education？ （2分）

　　(2) According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about training? （2分）

　　(3) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the cost of education? （2分）

　　(4) What can NOT be learnt from community college? （2分）

　　(5) What’s the author’s attitude towards higher education? （2分）

　　3. The food service industry has shown double-digit growth in China each year since 2003. But it’s still only half the size of that in the U.S., which means it has plenty of room to grow.

　　Multinational fast food chains such as McDonald’s and Yum Brands arrived early in China. And they’ve come to lead the market for western, quick service meals...

　　Yum Brands, which owns KFC and Pizza Hut, opens another new restaurant in China every day. In fact, for the first time ever in 2010, it made more profits there than in the United States. And it soon expects to have a three to one market share lead over McDonald’s, its closest rival.

　　KFC, now the number one fast food chain in China, definitely helped a lot. The popular

　　American business did so by catering for local tastes with products such as rice porridge with pork. Meanwhile, Pizza Hut remains China’s number one casual dining chain, something it lost in the U.S. many years ago.

　　But McDonald’s is investing heavily to catch up with Yum. The company says it plans to “re-image” its stores. That will involve friendly designs, comfortable seating, warmer colors and

　　conveniences such as WiFi. McDonald’s is also offering the “McDelivery” service.

　　Of course, fast food gets cold fast, so McDonald’s is providing another American experience. It plans to open drive-through windows at half of its new restaurants in the next few years. But the fight goes beyond fried chicken and Big Macs. Local fast food chains are becoming more and more competitive. Two chains, Country Style Cooking Restaurant and Little Sheep Group, are quite impressive. Their appearance on the scene, along with other Asian restaurant chains, proves the Chinese market is about more than just convenience. The battle for the Chinese stomach in a hungry market has only just begun. （10分）

　　(1) According to the text, the U.S. food service industry is ________ as big as China’s food service industry. （2分）

　　(2) ___________ is the number one fast food chains in Chinese market. （2分）

　　(3) Which of the following is NOT a part of McDonald’s “re-image” plan? （2分）

　　(4) Yum Brands made more profits in China for the first time in _______. （2分）

　　(5) In terms of market share, __________ has a lead over McDonald’s currently in China. （2分）

　　4. Love, is the emotion that makes enemies into friends and friends into enemies. So many legends surround this emotion, from the goddess Athena and Helen of Troy to Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet.

　　There are so many levels of love. Friendship starts off this list. We do feel love towards our friends. This is what helps us get along so well and why we miss them when we don’t see our friends for a long time. It’s also why we hold certain friends over others no matter what happens. Sometimes, the bond between friends deepens to the point where a stronger bond of love is made, making them family.

　　Another level of love is for our siblings and other family members. Even though sometimes we don’t like some of our family, that bond is still there. It’s this family bond level of love that brought about the phrase—blood is thicker than water.

　　A third level of love is the bond that brings man and woman together. This level is among the strongest of them all. It is this level of love that has brought together kingdoms into nations in the past and ended so many great wars. It’s also the love for a woman that has started a few of our well-known wars, like the Trojan Wars of ancient times.

　　The last mentionable level of love is that bond between a mother and her children. This bond starts from the very first tiny fluttering of movement and never ends, even after death of the child.

　　A mother protects her children in the name of love. It’s because of her children that a mother will

　　work at a job she hates, just to make sure they have everything they could ever want or need. Poems, plays and legends can only briefly touch the true meaning of love. What is love? I don’t know, but I’ll do what I can to express it to my son, my husband, my family and friends in the best possible way that I can. （10分）

　　(1) The emotion that makes friends into enemies and enemies into friends is ________. （2分）

　　(2) The phrase “blood is thicker than water” best illustrates ________. （2分）

　　(3) What level of love is among the strongest of all according to the text? （2分）

　　(4) According to the author, the bond between a mother and her children __________. （2分）

　　(5) Which of the following legends is not cited in the text? （2分）