非文学翻译02

非文学翻译 第02讲

第02讲 文体的概念讲义和作业

翻译，注意语体正式程度差异：

1． To some scholars, instruction emanates from lecture or laboratory; to others it

radiates from within. No scholar is so well taught as he who can teach himself.

学人中有受教于讲堂、实验室者，亦有教发之于内者。能自教自学，则学人中之最上乘矣。

2． Although learning is judged to require from teachers (and sometimes indeed it

does), the real instructors may be found not so much in school or in great laboratories as in the student’s own powers of insight.

学识得之于导师是人所共见的，有时也确乎如此。但是，真正的“导师”大都不出自学校或实验室，而是学者本人的洞察力。

3． We think we learn from teachers, and we sometimes do. But the teachers are not

always to be found in school or in great laboratories. Sometimes what we learn depends upon our own powers of insight.

大家都说我们是向老师求教，一般说来，情形的确如此。但是老师也并不只有在学校里或大实验室里才能找到。有时候，我们学到了东西，靠的是自己的心明眼亮。

4． You know, people are always saying they learn from teachers! OK, so they do,

sometimes. But what I want to get across is this: you don’t always find your teachers in schools or in labs, either. No sir! Sometimes you find the teacher right in your own eyes and ears and brains. That’s where it’s at!

大家总是说教学教学，教师教，学生学。不错，有时候是那么回事。但是，依我看，老师也不是只有在学校里或者在实验室里才能找到，不是的！有时“教师”就在你自己的脑袋里，在你的耳朵里、眼睛里，就是这么回事！

翻译，注意体裁差异：

In climatology, season of the year between winter and summer during which temperatures gradually rise. It is generally defined in the Northern Hemisphere as extending from the vernal equinox (day and night equal in length), March 20 or 21, to the summer solstice (year's longest day), June 21 or 22, and in the Southern Hemisphere from September 22 or 23 to December 22 or 23. The spring temperature transition from winter cold to summer heat occurs only in middle and high latitudes; near the Equator, temperatures vary little during the year. Spring is very short in the polar regions.

（Encyclopædia Britannica，Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2009.）

1

非文学翻译 第02讲

Springs are not always the same. In some years, April bursts upon our Virginia hills in one prodigious leap and all the stage is filled at once, whole choruses of tulips, arabesques of forsythia, cadenzas of flowering plum. The trees grow leaves overnight.

In other years, spring tiptoes in. It pauses, overcome by shyness, like my grandchild at the door, peeping in, ducking out of sight, giggling in the hallway. “I know you are out there,” I cry. “Come in!” and April slips into our arms.

a) 在气候学上，一年中介于冬天和夏天之间气温逐渐升高的季节即是春季。在北半球通常定义为从3月20日或21日的春分（白天和夜晚一样长的那天）到6月21日或22日的夏至（白天最长的那天）的一段时间，南半球的春天则从9月22日或23日开始，到12月22日或23日结束。春天温度从冬日寒冷到夏日炎热的变化仅仅出现在中纬度和高纬度地区，在靠近赤道的地方，全年温差不大。极地春天非常短暂。

b) 春天并非总是一模一样。四月，有时不知怎地一跃，就来到了弗吉尼亚的山坡上――转眼到处生机勃勃。郁金香组成了大合唱。连翘展示出优美的舞姿，洋李奏起 华彩乐段。一夜之间，林木着装，绿叶瑟瑟。

四月有时又蹑手蹑脚，像我的小孙女一样，羞羞答答地倚在门外，向里探探头，一闪又不见了，只是在门厅里咯咯地笑。“我知道你在那藏着呢，”我喊道，“进来！”于是，春天便溜进了我的怀抱。

（宋德利翻译）

A young lady home from school was explaining. “take an egg,” she said, “and make a perforation in the base and a corresponding one in the apex, then apply the lips to the aperture, and by forcibly inhaling the breath, the shell is entirely discharged of its contents.”

一位刚从学校回家的女学生正在解释：“取一枚鸡蛋，”她说，“在蛋的底部打一小孔，再在顶点上打一对应小孔。然后，将嘴唇置于该孔之上并用力吸气，壳内之物则尽释无遗。”

2

非文学翻译 第02讲

An old day who was listening exclaimed: “It beats all how folks do things nowadays. When I was a gal, they made a hole in each end and sucked”

一位听她讲话的老太太嚷了起来：“如今的人做事真叫人摸不着头脑，我作姑娘的那阵儿，人们把蛋一头磕一个洞，嘶溜儿一嘬就吃了。”

信息：本协议执行期间，设计协议本身、协议内容及变化的各种类型的信息，无论是否受知识产权或工业产权保护。它指的是执行本协议过程中，协议一方借助各类媒介，以口头或书面的形式向另一方传递的内容，可以包括计划、图表、产品、分析数据及结果、项目、流程、系统、研发活动、所有技术或商业信息，或研究、产品、开发等方面的技术与知识。

“Information” means all the different types of information in relation to the Agreement itself, its content and amendments made to it in the duration of the Agreement

regardless of whether they are under the protection of intellectual property rights or industrial property rights. It covers all the information in spoken or written form passed to one Party of the Agreement by the other Party through different kinds of media, and it may include plans, diagrams, products, data and results of analyses, projects,

procedures, systems, research activities, all the technical or commercial information, and technologies and knowledge of researches, products, and development etc.

Platform escorts smooth the way home

江西南昌火车站是京九线上唯一的省会枢纽站，这两天日均发送旅客近10万人。旅客们拎着大包小包，让本就拥挤的车站显得更加拥挤。

The congestion at Nanchang Railway Station in East China’s Jiangxi Province has been exacerbated for the past two days with the different sizes of packages brought by about 100,000 passengers hustling and bustling through the only hub in a provincial capital along the Beijing-Kowloon line.

春运期间，站台疏导员每天飞奔在站台和车厢之间，帮助行色匆匆的旅客解决各种难题。

In the Spring Festival Travel, it is the platform escorts who run between the platforms and the carriages to solve different sorts of problems for the passengers in a hurry to depart for their destinations.

刘亮是一名站台疏导员，他和其他三名小伙子，各管三节车厢，疏导旅客快速、安全地上车。

Liu Liang, a platform escort, works with another three young men to help and guide the passengers to board the train quickly and safely. Each of them is responsible for the passengers of three carriages.

春运期间，平均每节车厢有近百名无座乘客，拥挤，吵闹，让人们变得焦 3

非文学翻译 第02讲

躁。刘亮说，在这里维持秩序，不仅得有好力气，还得有好脾气。

In almost every carriage, nearly 100 passengers on board can not be assigned seats in the Spring Festival Travel, which make the carriage overcrowded and extremely noisy. Under such circumstances, the passengers become restless. “To maintain order in the carriage demands for not only strength but also tolerance,” said Liu Liang.

车厢连接处相对宽敞，很多无座的旅客习惯一上来就占个地方，导致后面的乘客无法上车。刘亮要在三节车厢里来回走动，疏导车厢连接处的乘客。 Carriage-joints are comparatively spacious, many passengers without seats get accustomed to occupying a place here, making it difficult for others following behind to get on the train. Liu Liang has to walk back and forth in the three carriages to clear the way at the joints.

乘客放置行李也是他们最操心的。

What the platform escorts worry most is how and where the passengers place their luggage.

刘亮：“那个行李啊，尖角的一定要往里面放，有没有锐物啊，不要捅出来，尽量往里面放。”

“Luggage with pointed tips must be put inside. If there are any sharp objects, they shall be well contained and you should put them deep down inside your luggage,” said Liu Liang.

由于车厢内和室外温差大，刘亮自备了一些混有板蓝根的矿泉水。他说这样一来可以解渴，还可以预防感冒。

Since some passengers might catch cold due to large temperature difference inside the carriage, Liu Liang prepares some mineral water mixed with Radix Isatidis granules himself for the passengers and indicates that this can quench their thirsts and prevent colds as well.

在疏导了40多趟列车之后，小伙子们终于可以坐下来歇歇，吃顿晚饭。 After having escorted passengers for over 40 trains, the young men can finally sit down and enjoy their dinners.

本周翻译作业

(a) It died suddenly, in a terrible rain of fire and ash. The tragedy struck on the 24th of August, A.D.79.Mount Vesuvius, which had slept quietly for centuries, erupted with savage violence. Tons of hot ash fell on Pompeii, hiding it from sight. For three days the 4

非文学翻译 第02讲

sun did not break through the clouds of volcanic ash that filled the sky. And when the eruption ended, Pompeii was buried deep. A city had perished.

在一阵可怕的火与灰的袭击中，这座城市灭亡了。这个悲剧发生在公元79年的8月24日。维苏威火山。这座沉睡了几世纪的山脉，突然剧烈的爆发了。数以吨计滚烫的火山灰落到了庞培城遮住了人们的视线。3天以来阳光都无法穿过被火山灰充斥的云层。当喷发结束的时候，庞培城被深深的掩埋了。这座城市也就消失了。

(b) The powerful eruption in the Eastern Aleutian Islands began unexpectedly on July 12, sending up a wet, ash and gas-rich plume that reached an altitude of 50,000 feet above sea level. Heavy ash fall occurred on eastern Umnak Island. A dusting of ash fell in the busy fishing community of Unalaska, 65 miles northeast of Okmok volcano. The ash plume soon spanned several hundred miles across the North Pacific, causing many trans-Pacific flights to be diverted and cancellation of flights to the Dutch Harbor airport. The gas cloud from the eruption is now over Montana.

7月12日，阿留申群岛东部遭受了一场突如其来威力巨大的火山喷发，水汽、火山灰和富含汽油的气体喷发高达海平面50000英尺。质量较重的火山灰落在了乌姆纳克岛东部。飞扬的火山灰则飘落在正在捕鱼的纳拉斯加的一个社区，这个社区位于洛马卡尔德拉火山东北65英里处。火山灰柱迅速的覆盖了上百英里的北太平洋上空，荷兰港机场的许多跨太平洋航班因此不得不改变航线或者取消航班。汽油云从火山爆发以来已经覆盖了蒙大拿州的上空。

中国筑路工人们呆在吉尔吉斯斯坦修筑中吉乌公路近十年。

Chinese road construction worker have stayed in Kyrgyzstan [?k?rɡ?'stæn] for the building of China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan highway about 10 years.

魏晓航是中国路桥股份有限责任公司吉尔吉斯斯坦办事处副总经理，他的工作就是在吉尔吉斯斯坦开山架桥，铺路通行。

Wei xiaohang is deputy general manager in Kyrgyzstan Office of The China Road and Road Corporation, and his work is build bridges and roads by blasting mountains in Kyrgyzstan.

2004年，在中国政府的贷款援助下，被誉为“中亚交通走廊”的中吉乌公路开工建设，这是中亚区域经济合作的一个重要内容。魏晓航和同伴们因此来到了吉尔吉斯斯坦，参与修建中吉乌公路。

In 2004, under the loan assistance of the Chinese government, China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan highway which is known as the Central Asia transport corridor started the construction. The building of China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan highway is an important part of the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation. For this reason, Wei xiaohang and his companies arrived the Kyrgyzstan for this building.

这条公路最初只是特指从中国新疆伊尔克什坦口岸进入吉尔吉斯斯坦，北上经奥什后通往乌兹别克斯坦的一条公路。然而一期工程完成后，优质的施工水平、交通的改善、以及由此带来的经贸活力，让吉尔吉斯斯坦政府毫不犹豫地扩展了项目内容。

This road was initially entered Kyrgyzstan especially from Xinjiang Yierkeshentan port, then get through Osh in north Kyrgyzstan and arrive the Uzbekistan. However, after the completion of the first project, the high quality of construction, the improvement of transportation, and the vigorous 5