集体行动的困境：理论阐释与实证分析(1)-传播学论文(1)

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翻新时间：2023-03-22

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集体行动的困境：理论阐释与实证分析(1)-传播学论文(1)

摘要：集体行动的困境是一种客观存在的社会现象。西方学者根据生活世界的反映，建构了集体行动困境的理论模型，并作出了若干理论阐释。

这种非合作博弈下的集体行动逻辑反映在公共事务管理现实中可能会出现公共产品供给短缺、公共资源利用无度、公共秩序混沌无序、公共组织效率缺失、公共政策执行失范等诸多问题。为此，明晰产权、明确责任、沟通协调、自主治理、理性激励、合理监督等制度安排是解决公共管理危机或集体行动困境的可能路径。

论文关键词：集体行动；非合作博弈；公共管理；制度安排 The Dilemma of Collective Action:Theoretical Interpretation and Empirical Analysis ——The Crisis of Public Management and the Possibility of It’s Overcoming Under Non-cooperation Game Abstract: The dilemma of collective action is a objective social phenomenon. The western scholars create some theoretical patterns about the dilemna of collective action and give some theoretical interpretation according to the reflection of the life world. If the collective action based on non-cooperation game logically reflects in the reality of governing public affairs, it will appear some problems: the supply of public goods shorted, the public resource overused, the inorder public order, the efficiency of public organization lost, the anomie of puplic policy implementation. Thus, the possible path to resolve the crisis of public managementor the dilemma of collective action is institution arrangement, such as distinct propertyright, clear responsibility, communication and coordination, autonomic governance, creating encouragement, reasonable supervision and so on. Key words: collective action; non-cooperation game; public management; institution arrangement 公共事务管理是一种典型的“集体行动”形式。而集体行动的逻辑或曰集体行动的困境是客观存在的社会现象，是行动个体理性行为的非合作博弈结果。

个人自私的行为并不一定能够而且在许多情况下显然不能够在亚当·斯密的“看不见的手”的指引下产生最佳的社会共同结果，个人理性并不能保证集体理性。因此，公共管理危机的出现似乎在所难免。

公共管理危机的克服有赖于行动个体的行