从Simunic模型看我国审计定价现状（上）(1)

【摘 要】独立审计是维护资本市场秩序的一种经济监督制度，但同时作为一项有偿服务，审计收费决定着注册会计师能否补偿其审计成本，维护其独立的地位。

本文通过对2005年沪、深两市上市公司A股和境外股年报审计费用的对比研究，发现境内年报审计费用主要影响因素有资产规模、合并子公司数、应收账款的比率、净资产收益率、最近3年中是否出现过亏损、审计意见的类型和是否由国际“四大”所进行年报审计，而境外股年报审计费用的主要影响因素是资产规模、合并子公司数、净资产收益率、审计意见的类型和是否由国际“四大”所进行年报审计。本文提供的数据初步证明：按中国审计标准所进行的境内A股审计和按国际或境外审计标准所进行的非A股审计采用了不同的定价基础。当然，这只是通过若干样本公司一年的数据得出的结论，是否在我国的整个审计市场存在的这样的特征，还有待对所有事务所的所有客户进行多年度的跟踪分析。

本文对于境内外审计定价基础差异的研究可以揭示审计师在不同的审计标准下如何判断上市公司年报所存在审计风险和事务所所需投入的审计成本，以进一步促进我国CPA行业的规范和我国审计市场进一步国际化。 关键词: 审计定价 影响因素 Simunic模型 Abstract

Auditing service has its special attributes as one form of the economic surveillance regulations which insures the benefits of the public and the whole market economy revolves effectively. But at the same time, as a chargeable product, auditing fee guarantees whether the CPAs can recover the audit cost and sustain their independence position.

Through the comparative study on the audit fee of the listed companies in A and abroad stock market of 2005, the text finds the main influential factors of auditing fee in A stock market is assets scope, number of consolidated subsidiaries, account receivables ratio, ROE, whether loss in the recent 3 years, kind of audit opinion and whether the clients of BIG4. Meanwhile, the main influential factors of auditing fee in abroad stock marker is assets scope, number of consolidated subsidiaries, ROE, kind of audit opinion and whether the clients of BIG4. The data provided by this thesis has preliminarily proved that the auditing service in A stock market based on PRC auditing principles and that in abroad stock market based on international auditing principles have different pricing mode and charge foundation. However, it is the conclusion from the only one-year empirical study based on several selected listed companies. Whether this conclusion is suitable for the whole stock market in China is still needed the further empirical research based on all the clients of the total CPA firms for the continuous years.

This conclusion about the difference of auditing pricing mode between A and abroad stock market is helpful for the CPAs to judge the auditing risk and cost of annual review on the listed companies according to the diverse auditing principles and thus will further consummate the regulation of CPA industry in China and promote the globalization of our auditing market. Key words: audit pricing, influential factor, Simunic model 目 录

一、序言