弹簧振子实验设计研究

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翻新时间：2022-12-08

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弹簧振子实验设计研究

摘要

通过焦利氏秤测量弹簧的劲度系数、对气垫导轨的磨擦力数量级进行测量。利用MUJ-6B电脑通用计数器、气垫导轨与弹簧振子测量弹簧振子的振动周期，振子某位置的速度，以及研究与简谐振动有关的因数的影响的大小，如振子的质量、弹簧的劲度系数、振子的振幅、导轨的倾斜度。研究简谐振动的势能、动能、总机戒能的变化曲线。实验结果发现，较好的验证了弹簧振子的简谐振动周期与振子的质量的平方跟成正比，与弹簧的劲度系数的平方根成反比，在不超过弹簧的弹性限度内与振子的振幅无关，与导轨的倾斜读无关；在振幅不超过弹簧的弹性限度、导轨上的磨檫力很小的条件下，弹簧振子是1个很好的简谐振动模型。并且在实际中的弹簧振子的势能、动能、总机械能是在不断的减少的，因为实际中的气垫导轨是有1定的磨檫阻力的，并且空气也是有1定的阻力的。

关键词：

弹簧振子；简谐振动；实验测量

The spring oscillator experiment designs the research

Abstract

Jolly Balance measurement spring stiffness coefficient of friction of the air track of the number of level measurement. MUJ-6B computer use generic counter, Air Track and oscillator measured oscillator cycles of vibration, Oscillator a position of speed, and research and harmonic vibration of the factors affecting the size, quality oscillators, Spring stiffness coefficient, oscillator, the amplitude, the steep track. Research harmonic vibration of potential energy, kinetic energy, the switchboard Kaino curve. Experimental results showed that a better test of the oscillator Harmonic Oscillator cycle and the quality is proportional to the square with, and spring stiffness coefficient is inversely proportional to the square root of the spring up within the limits of flexibility and oscillator unrelated to the amplitude, Guide and the tilting reading irrelevant; the amplitude does not exceed the elastic limit of spring, the rail mill Sassafras of small conditions, oscillator is a very good harmonic vibration model. And the reality of the oscillator potential energy, kinetic energy, the total mechanical energy is constantly declining, practical because of the air track is a certain degree of resistance to wear Sassafras, and the air is also a certain degree of resistance.

Keywords :

Oscillator； simple harmonic motion； experimental measurement

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