黑洞热辐射与非热辐

目录

前言．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1

1 黑洞．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1

2 黑洞热辐射．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2

2．1 黑洞热力学4定律．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2

2．2 霍金辐射．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4

3 黑洞非热辐射．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8

3．1 彭若斯过程．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8

3．2 米斯钠过程．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8

3．3 斯塔诺宾斯基—安鲁效应．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8

4 总结．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．9

参考文献．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．9

英文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．10

致谢．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．10

黑洞热辐射与非热辐射

关键词：黑洞；热辐射；非热辐射

前言

在60年代以前，人们主要利用广义相对论研究黑洞的时空结构1类问题。70年代初期，美国科学家贝肯斯坦首先引入了黑洞熵的概念，接着，英国理论物理学家霍金用刚刚兴起的弯曲时空量子场论研究了黑洞的辐射问题，黑洞的研究进入了1个新的阶段。由于将现代物理学中强有力的理论工具如统计物理，量子场论等引入了黑洞的研究，黑洞的研究获得了新的丰富的内容，成为了物理学研究的前沿课题。黑洞的辐射理论正是这1方面的1个重要内容，是在黑洞的热力学和黑洞辐射被发现之后迅速建立发展起来的。本文对黑洞的辐射理论进行了介绍，阐明了黑洞的热辐射与非热辐射的机制问题。

The Thermal Radiation and the Nonthermal Radiation of Black Hole

Abstract:Since1973, when Hawking discovered the thermal radiation of black hole, this problem has been widely studied by means of theory of quantum field in curved space-time, Green’s function method and the conformal transformation etc. whereas in China, a new kind of coordinate transformation has been used, which brings a dynamic research on black hole instead of the static research. This paper proves from the tangle of theory of relativity and quantum mechanics, that there does exist thermal radiation and nonthermal radiation in the black hole. After a careful solution of the movement equation of particles as well as the Klein-Gorden equation in curved space-time, and the analgesic continuation of out going wave in the complex number r plane, it reaches a conclusion that the radiation spectrum of black hole is rigorous black body radiation spectrum. By inspecting the negative energy within black hole and analyzing the Dirac energy level on the edge of black hole, this paper proves that negative energy particles with a range of on the surface area of the black hole will pass through the forbidden area as a result of the quantum tunneling effect and produce a kind of nonthermal radiation that has nothing to do with temperature.

Key words: black hole; thermal radiation; nonthermal radiation