论文术语中英文对译

A.

安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families

按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost

按揭贷款 mortgage loan

按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance

暗亏 hidden loss

奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult

B.

巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse

把握大局 grasp the overall situation

白色行情表 white sheet

白手起家 starting from scratch

摆架子 put on airs

拜年 pay New Year call

搬迁户 relocated families

半拉子工程 uncompleted project

棒球运动记者 scribe

包干到户 work contracted to households

包工包料 contract for labor and materials

保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the nationaleconomy

保持国有股 keep the State-held shares

保健食品 health-care food

保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area

保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas

保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings

北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank

本本主义 bookishness

《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica

本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip

本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches

奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life

蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping

逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives

闭门羹 given cold-shoulder

边际报酬 marginal return

边缘科学 boundary science

标书 bidding documents

表演赛 demonstration match

剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody

补缺选举 by-election

布达拉宫 Potala Palace

不败记录 clean record, spotless record

不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force

不打不成交 No discord, no concord.

《不见不散》 Be there or be square.

不良贷款 non-performing loan

不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city

不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency

步行天桥 foot bridge

C.

擦边球 edge ball, touch ball

擦网球 net ball

采取高姿态 show magnanimity

菜篮子工程 shopping basket program

参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs

层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting

差额投票 differentail voting

差额选举 competitive election

茶道 sado

拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul

禅 dhyana

产粮大省 granary province

产品结构 product mix

产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership,well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, andscientific management

产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order

产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing

长二捆 LM-2E

长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutualsupervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe

畅通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"

唱高调 mouth high-sounding words

超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer

超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption

城市规划 city's landscaping plan

城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas

吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"

抽杀成功 hit through

筹备委员会 preparatory committee

出风头 show off;in the limelight

出口创汇能力 capacity to earn forEign exchange through exports

出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods

出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports

出家 pravrajana; cloister

创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city

春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program

《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals

从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy

存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits

D.

"达标"活动 "target hitting" activities

打白条 issue IOU

打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering

打破僵局 break the deadlock

打顺手 find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove

大包干 all-round responsibility system

大轰动 blockbuster

大力扣杀 hammer

大路货 staple goods

大满贯 grand slam

大款 tycoon

大排挡 sidewalk snack booth

大事化小，小事化了 try first to make thEIr mistake sound less serious and then toreduce it to nothing at all

大胜 white wash

大腕 top notch

大要案 major and serious criminal cases

大专生 junior college student

大专文凭 associate degree

大藏经 Tripitaka

带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retaintheir original rank and benefits

待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting

待业 job-waiting

单循环制 single round-robin system

盗用公款 embezzlement

单刀赴会 start a solo run

倒计时 countdowm

倒爷 profiteer

等外品 off-grade goods, rejects

第二产业 secondary industry

第一发球权 first inning

第一发球员 first server

第一双打 first pair

地方保护主义 regional protectionism

地方财政包干制 system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for theirfinances

地区差异 regional disparity

点子公司 consultancy company

电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number

电话会议 teleconference

电视直销 TV home shopping

吊球 drop shot

吊销执照 revoke license

定向培训 training for specific posts

豆腐渣"工程 jerry-built project

独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise)

"渡假外交" holiday-making diplomacy

短期债务 floating debt

对外招商 attract foreign investment

队长袖标(足球） skipper's armband

多党合作制 multi-party co-operation in exercising State power

多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)

夺冠 take the crown

E.

恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation

二板市场(创业板市场） second board on the country's stock market

二流选手 scrub, second-rater

F.

发展不平衡 disparate development

法治国家 a country under the rule of law

法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system

翻两番 quadruple

反败为胜 bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire

防洪工程 flood-prevention project

放高球 lob

飞行药检 spot check

费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes

分流 reposition of redundant personnel

分期付款 installment payment

（产品）分销 subunderwriting, distribution

锋利扣杀 razor-sharp smash

封闭式基金 close-ended fund

封杀出局 force out

“封圣” canonization of "Saints"

福利彩票 welfare lotteries

福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system

扶贫 poverty alleviation

覆盖率 coverage rate

复式住宅 compound apartment

G.

改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so thatit will get listed on the stock market.

干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres morerevolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent

高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue

高产优质 high yield and high quality

高级商务师 Certified Business Executive

高难度动作 stunner, stunt

高新技术产业开发区 high and new technology industrial development zone

(公路）隔离带 median

根本政治制度 fundamental political system

个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual incomes for taxpayment

"各就位" "On your marks!"

跟踪审计 follow-up auditing

工商局 industrial and commercial bureau

工业园区 industrial park

公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds

公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds

公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open

共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and politicalconsultation under the leadership of Communist Party

国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components

国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense

国际惯例 international common practice

《国际先驱论坛报》 International Herald Tribune

国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the EconomicSystems

国家一级保护 first-grade State protection

国库券 treasury bonds

过度开垦 excess reclamation

H.

海湾战争综合症 the complexities of the Gulf War

豪赌 unrestrained gambling

好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad newsspread far and wide.

好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander

好莱坞大片 Hollywoodblockbuster

" 好球" "Strike"

合理引导消费 guide rational consumption

合议庭 collegiate bench

黑店 gangster inn

宏观调控 macro-control efforts

红包 long-drawn-out project(a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)

虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.

户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system

户主 head of a household

护身法宝 amulet

华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele

华盖 canopy

"坏球" "Ball"

还俗 resume secular life, unfrock

"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking

黄金时段 prime time

挥棒 swing

挥棒不中 fan

灰色收入 income from moonlighting

汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation

婚外恋 extramarital love

活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.

货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation

J.

机构臃肿 overstaffing in organizations (government)

基本路线要管一百年 The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very longtime to come.

基本国情 fundamental realities of the country

基层民主 democracy at the grassroots level

基层组织 organizations at the grass-roots level

绩优股 blue chip

激烈竞争 cut-throat competition

吉祥物 mascot

缉私力量 the forces engaged in the fight against smuggling

集体婚礼 collective wedding ceremony

集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development

计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning

计算机中央处理器 central processing unit(CPU)

记者席 press box

技术下乡 spread technological knowledge to farmers

嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored guest

加班 work extra shifts

加密 encrypt

加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

家庭联产承包责任制 the household contract responsibility system

假唱 lip-synch

假动作 deception, feint

甲骨文 inscriptions on oracle bones

假日经济 holiday economy

坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见 persist in reunification, opposeseparation, increase understanding and iron out differences

监督部门 watchdog

尖端产品 highly sophisticated products

剪彩 cut the ribbon

剪刀差 the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...

减负 alleviate burdens on sb.

减员增效 downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency

讲诚信，反欺诈： honor credibility and oppose cheating

脚踩两只船 sit on the fence

脚踏实地 be down-to-earth

侥幸球 fluke

接口 interface

解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces

解放思想、实事求是的思想路线 ideological line of emancipating the mind andseeking truth from facts

结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales

戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center

戒急用忍 overcome impetuosity and exercise patience

金本位 gold standard

金边债券 gilt-edged bonds

金刚经 Vajra Sutra|

金降落伞 golden parachute

紧箍咒 inhibiting magic phrase

紧密型企业集团 tightly-knit groups of enterprises

紧追 cling to, shadow, thunder on one's trail

近海渔业 offshore fishery

进出口商会 chamber of import and export trade

进口渗透 import penetration

禁渔期 closed fishing seasons

禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸prohibit any nuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place andin any environment

经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account

经常性贷款 commercial lending

经常性支出 running expenses

经济林 cash tree

经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业 modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system

精简机构 streamline government organs

京剧票友 Peking Opera fan

景泰蓝 cloisonné

劲射 power shot

竣工式 completion ceremony

K.

卡丁车 kart

开放式基金 open-ended fund

开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity

坎儿井 karez

抗美援朝战争 War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea

抗震棚 quake-proof shelter

考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements

科技含量 technology content

科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.

科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation

可持续发展 sustainable development

空头支票 accommodation note, lip service

控股公司 holding company

扣帽子 put a label on

跨实际工程 a trans-century project

亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/under deficit

困难职工 the needy

国民党 Kuomintang

L.

垃圾债券 junk bond

拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

拉拉队 cheering squad

拉拉队长 cheer-leader, rooter king

拉关系 try to curry favor with

劳动合同制 labor contract system

老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise

"篱笆墙" barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading

礼仪小姐 ritual girl

利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery

利基 niche

立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture

联合联络小组 joint liaison group

廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficientgovernment

廉洁奉公，以正治国 (of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state withhis own example of uprightness

联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises

联合投标 syndicated tender

联想集团 Legend Group

练摊 to be a vendor

粮食收购部门 (government's)grain procurement (purchasing) agencies

粮油关系：grain and oil rationing registration

两岸直航促进会 Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation

两弹一艇 A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine

"两个对等的政治实体" "two equal political entities

两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress

"两思"（致富思源，富而思进） to think of the source of getting richand of making progress after becoming affluence

老少边穷地区 former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minoritynationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas

猎头公司 head-hunting company

临时主教练 caretaker coach

领头羊 bellwether

留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary

留学咨询：consulting on the study abroad

流动人口 transient population

乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition ofdonations and exaction of fees from enterprises

乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines

《论语》 Analects of Confucius

裸机：bare mobile phone

绿地覆盖率 forest coverage rate

绿化 afforestation

M.

满意度 degree of satisfaction

盲流和倒流人员 transient from the countryside

帽子戏法 hat trick

买一送一 two-for-one offer, buy one get one free

门前三包 be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good socialorder in a designated area outside the unit building

朦胧诗 misty poetry

民工潮 farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities

民进党 Democratic Progressive Party

民主党派、工商联与无党派人士 non-Communist parties, federations of industryand commerce, personages without party affiliation

民族凝聚力 national cohesion

民族委员会 ethnic affairs commission

明明白白消费（2000年保护消费者权益工作主题） transparent consumption

磨洋工 dawdle along

N.

纳米 nanometer

囊括 complete a sweep

耐用消费品 durable consumer items (goods)

南水北调 South-to-North water diversion

能官能民 be ready to both serve as an offical and be one of the common people

能上网的手机 WAP phone

内耗 in-fighting

年同比 year-on-year; on an annual basis

年夜饭 family reunion dinner

扭转局面 reverse the tide, turn the table

农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labour (labourers)

O.

P.

跑龙套 utility man

泡沫经济 bubble economy

配股 allotment of shares

配套政策 supporting policies

碰钉子 get snubbed

疲软股票 soft stock

皮包公司 bogus company

票贩子 scalper, ticket tout

骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn overforeign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage

贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor

瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions

扑网 rush-up, rushing

Q.

起跑器 block

千代田寿险公司（日本） Chiyoda Mutual Life Insurance Co.

抢跑 false start, beat the gun

亲民党 People First Party

屈体 jackknife, pike

全能冠军 all-around winner

全球通 global system for mobile communications

拳头产品 competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster

R.

绕圈子 beat around the bush

人才流失brain drain

人浮于事 overstaffing

人工智能 artificial intelligence(AI)

人机交互 human-computer interaction

人类免疫缺陷病毒Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)

人情债 debt of gratitude

任意球 free kick

融资渠道 financing channels

入水时水花很少 clean entry

软新闻 soft news

S.

三八线 38th Parallel

三步走战略 the three-step development strategy

三大作风 the Party's three important styles of work (integrating theory with practice,forging close links with the masses and practicing self-criticism

"三个代表" "three represents" theory (The Party should alwaysrepresent the development needs of China's advanced social productive forces, alwaysrepresent the onward direction of China's advanced culture, and always represent thefundamental interests of the largest member of the Chinese people.)

三个有利于 "three favorables" (whether it promotes the growth of theproductive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strenth of the socialiststate and raises the people's living standards

三好学生 merit student

"三讲"教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气） "three emphases" education (to stress theoretical study,political awareness and good conduct)

三角债 chain debt

三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping services across the TaiwanStraits

三通一平 "three supplies and one leveling"; supply of water, electricity androad and leveled ground (conditions ready for further economic development)

三下乡 a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go tothe countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service tofarmers

三字经 three-character scripture

"扫黄"、"打非" eliminate pornography and illegal publications

《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers

商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau

商品条码 bar code

上市 to be listed

少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 theminority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part tothe whole and the entire membership of the Party to the Central Committee

社会热点问题 hot spots of society

社会治安情况 public security situation

审时度势 size up the situation

渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities

《生死抉择》 "Live or Die"

生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture

失学儿童 dropout thegovernment's increase in its procurement prices (for farm products)

铁饭碗 iron rice bowl

统一市场 single market

统一税 flat tax, consolidated tax

同乡会 an association of fellow provincials or townsmen

筒子楼：tube-shaped apartment

偷税漏税 tax evasion

偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay taxes

投手 pitcher

透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence

团身 bunch up the body

推广科研成果 turning laboratory achievements into commercial/mass production;commercialization of laboratory achievements

退耕还林还草 grain for green

脱贫 cast off poverty

脱手 release grip

W.

汪辜会谈 Wang Daohan-Koo Chen-fu Talks (Wang-Koo talks)

网络出版 online publishing

网上冲浪surf the Internet

稳定压倒一切 Maintaining stability is of top priority

维护人权和不断改善人权状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve thehuman rights situation

伪劣产品 fake and shoddy products

卫冕世界冠军 reigning world champion

屋顶花园 roof garden

无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator

无人售票 self-service ticketing

无线应用协议 WAP（wireless application protocol pop can

因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

隐性就业 unregistered employment

硬道理 absolute principle, top priority

营业税 turnover tax; business tax

应试教育 examination-oriented education system

优化结构 optimize structure

有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 There must be laws to go by, thelaws must be observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers must be prosecuted.

有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrety, knowledge anda strong sense of discipline

有望夺金者 a gold medal hopeful

有勇无谋 use brawn rather than brain

与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the globalmarket

舆论导向 direction of public opinion

舆论监督 supervision by public opinion

冤假错案 cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced;unjust, false or wrong cases

圆寂 Parinirvana

缘分 chemical, (as if by) predestination, be preordained to come together

远景计划 long-term development targets

运球 dribble

Z.

"宰人" rip off

在职博士生 on-job doctorate

再贷款 re-lending; subloan

再就业服务中心 re-employment service center

藏学 Tibetology

糟粕 dross

早恋 puppy love

造假帐 falsified accounts

斋月 Ramadan

债转股 debt-to-equity swap

沾光 benefit from one's association

站票 standing-room-only ticket

涨落线 advance balance line

朝阳产业 sunrise industry

招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project

正式照会 formal note

政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Governments set up the stage, variousdepartments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.

政府上网工程Government Online Project

政企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises;the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up

政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management

政务公开 make government affairs public

知识产权 intellectual property rights

知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy

致命要害 Achilles' heel

掷钱猜先 toss

《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》 Law of the People's Republic of Chinaon the Protection of Consumers' Rights and Interests

中流砥柱 mainstay, chief corner stone

中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方 non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons againsteach other

中央大型企业工委：Central Work Committee for Large Enterprises

中央商务区 central business district (CBD)

重点发展 prioritize

主体经济 the mainstay of the economy

主持人 anchorperson

住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation

助跑 approach run, run-up

抓大放小 to invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focuson the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves

抓住机遇 seize the opportunity

转化机制 (of State-owned enterprises) to shift to new management mechanisms

转基因食品 GM food (genetically modified food)追平 produce the equalizer

转体 truck rotation, turn, twist

撞线 breast the tape

追赶型和跨越式发展 pursuant and leap-forward development

资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets; maintenance and appreciationof assets value

资产阶级自由化 bourgeois liberalization

资源配置 the distribution (allocation) of resources

《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror

自律机制 the self-discipline system

自我保护意识 self-protection awareness

自由港 free-trade port，free port

综合国力 comprehensive national strength

综合业务数字网 integrated service digital network (ISDN)

综合治理 comprehensive treatment

遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestlyperform one's official duties