环境保护2Word

　　EGEE 102 – Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection

　　Introduction

　　Course Objectives The objective of the course is to apply energy efficiency concept in day to day life in order to save Money and Energy and thereby protect the Environment.

　　By obtaining necessary knowledge and information on the main operating principles of devices/appliances that are in common use and information on which to make the right decision in selecting the most energy efficient and economical choice EGEE 102- Pisupati 2

　　Day-to-Day Energy Use

　　EGEE 102- Pisupati

　　What is Energy? “Energy is a property of matter that can be converted into work, heat or radiation.

　　EGEE 102- Pisupati

　　Energy Scale BTU-One BTU is the equivalent to the energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. ENERGY SCALE-

　　EGEE 102- Pisupati

　　1022 1020 1018 1016 1014 1012 1010 10 8 10 6 10 4 10 2 10 0

　　Bt us

　　Energy ScaleAnnual energy from sun reaching earth

　　World annual energy consumption U.S. annual energy consumption

　　World per capita annual energy consumption U.S. per capita annual energy consumption Energy in one gallon of gasoline Average daily human food intake Energy needed to raise the temperature 102- Pisupati ofEGEE one pound of water by one degree Farenheit6

　　Energy Source-Fuels ClassificationNon renewable (limited in quantity or depleting) Fossil Fuels Renewable (unlimited by rate of use or non-depleting)

　　Coal Natural Gas Petroleum Oil Shale Tar Sands Nuclear Fission

　　Solar Hydro Wind Tidal Biomass Nuclear Fusion7

　　EGEE 102- Pisupati

　　World Fossil Fuel Distribution

　　EGEE 102- Pisupati

　　Environmental Issues Energy and Environment Greenhouse effect and global warming Ozone Layer Destruction Acid Rain Formation Radiation and Health

　　EGEE 102- Pisupati

　　Fundamental Forms of Energy Mechanical Potential and kinetic Heat Radiant - Sun Light Electrical Chemical - Food we eat and a tank of gasoline Nuclear - Nuclear Reactor, Bombs used in warEGEE 102- Pisupati 10

　　Energy Measurement Units BTUs Calories calories kWh Joules

　　One can be converted to another if the conversion factor is knownEGEE 102- Pisupati 11

　　Conversion Factors 1055 Joules = 1 Btu 1 Calorie = 1,000 calories 1kWh = 3,412 Btus

　　EGEE 102- Pisupati

　　Energy TransformationsChemical Energy Chemical to Electricity

　　Oil

　　+

　　Sound and Light Chemical to Electrical Energy

　　Kinetic Energy Chemical energy EGEE 102- Pisupati to Work13

　　Energy Conversion DevicesEnergy InputHair Dryer

　　Energy Output

　　Lawn MoverTrees Solar AutomobileEGEE 102- Pisupati 14

　　Power

　　Energy(or work ) Power Time Energy is the capacity to do work Power is the rate at which work is done

　　Unit

　　1 watt= 1 J/s = 3.412 Btu/hEGEE 102- Pisupati 15

　　Unit of Power is watt (W) defined as

　　1 Watt = 1 J s

　　ft lb 1 hp (horse power unit)= 550 S I x I x R = I2 R

　　EG

　　EE 102- Pisupati

　　Illustration-1

　　On a winter day a home needs 1 x 106 BTU of fuel energy every 24 hours to maintain th interior at 65F. At what rate is the energy being consumed in watts?

　　Energy Power TimeEGEE 102- Pisupati 17

　　Recall that Watt=J/s and 1,055J=1 BTU

　　1 x 106 BT U 1055 J 1h 24 h 1 BT U 3600s

　　J 3 J 12, 200 12.2 x 10 12.2 kW S SEGEE 102- Pisupati 18

　　Illustration A 100W light bulb is left accidentally on overnight (8 hours). How much energy does it consume ? And how much money does this cost, if electricity cost 10 cents per Kilowatt hour?EGEE 102- Pisupati 19

　　Energy Use = Power x Time of Power Use

　　100W 8h 800Wh

　　0.8kWhCost of the Energy = Energy Used x Cost of Unit of Energy

　　$0.10 0.8kWh $0.08 1kWh EGEE 102- Pisupati 20

　　Calculation of Money MadePerson Wage Rate (power) $7/h Hours Worked (time) 10 Total Amount (Energy) $70

　　A

　　BC

　　$20/h$50/h

　　1020

　　$200$21

　　EGEE 102- Pisupati

　　Calculation of Your Energy Consumption List the appliances that you use at home. Note down their power consumption and estimating the time of usage, calculate approximate energy consumption for a month. Electric bulbs (number of bulbs) Refrigerator Washer Dryer Dishwasher etc.EGEE 102- Pisupati