教师资格考试中学英语知识点讲解五

　　中小学教师职业道德规范教师资格证报名条件 【词条1】behave

　　【点拨】behave 用作不及物动词，意为(举止或行为)表现。如：

　　She has been behaving very politely.

　　另外，behave还可意为举止得体；守规矩，常和反身代词连用。如：

　　Cant you make your little child behave himself？

　　【拓展】well- / ill- / badly-behaved adj.表现得好的/不好的；behavior n.行为，举止如：

　　He is thought to be a well-behaved child.

　　She was ashamed of her childrens bad behavior.

　　【词条2】appeal

　　【点拨】appeal可用作名词，意为吸引力，感染力。如：

　　Films of this sort have lost their appeal for me.

　　【拓展】

　　1. appeal用作名词时，还可意为呼吁，请求。如：

　　His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered.

　　An appeal is being made for help for those who lost their homes in the earthquake.

　　2. appeal还可用作动词， 意为引起兴趣；呼吁，请求，常跟介词to连用。如：

　　Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you？

　　The police are appealing to the public for any information about this.

　　【词条3】awake

　　【点拨】awake 可用作形容词，意为醒着的。如：

　　I have lain awake all night thinking over the problem.

　　注意：awake是表语形容词，不能用于名词前作定语。类似的形容词还有asleep， alive， aware等。

　　【拓展】awake (awoke， awoken) 可作不及物动词，意为醒来，这时与wake up意义相近；awake也可作及物动词，意为唤醒，叫醒；唤起(记忆)；激起(情感)。如：

　　I awake to the ringing of an electric bell every day.

　　The thunder awoke me last night.

　　His father tried to awake him to a sense of duty.

　　Nothing can awake her interest in foot-ball.

　　经典短语透视

　　【短语1】ahead of

　　【点拨】ahead of意为在之前。如：

　　The time here is nine hours ahead of London. Ahead of us was a narrow and muddy road.

　　【拓展】ahead of还可意为胜过，优于；(数量、价格等)超过。如：

　　In management， our company is well ahead of theirs.

　　Their pay offer was well ahead of inflation.

　　【短语2】holdout

　　【点拨】hold out可意为伸出，拿出。如：

　　When I arrived， Mary held out her hand in welcome.

　　【拓展】hold out还可意为维持；坚持(抵抗)。如：

　　We were short of water but it could hold out for another day.

　　They held out against the enemy for two days and nights.

　　The town was surrounded， but the citizens held out until help at last came.

　　【短语3】putdown

　　【点拨】put down可意为放下。如：

　　Put down that knife before you hurt somebody！

　　【拓展】

　　1. put down还可意为写下，记下；镇压；消灭。如：

　　Put down your notes at the bottom of the paper.

　　The uprising was put down three days later.

　　cant put sth. down 爱不释手；不忍释卷。如：

　　It is an interesting story and he cant put it down until he has finished reading it.

　　2. 与put相关的常用短语：put out出版；生产；使熄灭，扑灭；put up树立；put off推迟；put aside 把搁在一边；put forward提出；put up with容忍。如：

　　Be sure to put out the light before you go to bed.

　　The building will be put up in the centre of the campus.

　　Dont put off till tomorrow what can be done today.

　　He put aside his work to spend more time with his family.

　　He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting.

　　I could hardly put up with the child any longer.

　　热点语法聚焦

　　动词的-ing形式作状语

　　可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式、伴随或对谓语加以补充说明等。如：

　　While reading the book， he nodded from time to time. (时间)

　　It rained for two weeks， completely ruining the crops. (结果)

　　Turning to the right at the crossing， you will see the post office right before you. (条件)

　　Being busy and exhausted， he gave us a lot of help. (让步)

　　We Chinese eat our food using chopsticks. (方式)

　　Not knowing how to deal with the problem， the boy turned to his teacher. (原因)

　　Laughing and talking loudly， we left the party. (伴随)

　　【难点点拨】

　　1. 现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，它所表示的动作应该是句中主语所发出的动作，即现在分词和句子主语之间构成主动关系。如：

　　Seeing from the top of the hill， we can get a full view of the country.

　　(we与see之间是主动关系)

　　2. 现在分词作状语时，其前可加while， when， after， before， though， unless等连词，on， upon等介词或thus， completely等副词。如：

　　While doing the experiment， we discovered the new chemical.

　　Take the medicine three times a day after having each meal.

　　On hearing the news， she rushed out the room.

　　My car was caught in a traffic jam， thus causing the delay.

　　3. 有时用(with / without)+ 宾语+ 现在分词结构作状语。如：

　　I couldnt focus my attention with that noise going on.

　　4. 当现在分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，现在分词必须有自己的主语。如：

　　Weather permitting， the sports meet will be held next Friday.