英语国际音标表及发音规则[1]

英语国际音标表（48个）

元音（20个）

辅音（28个）

48个国际音标表 元音

12个单元音 长元音

[i:][E:][C:][u:][B:] 短元音

[i][E][C][u][Q][e][A]

8个双元音[ai][ei][Ci][iE][ZE][uE][Eu][au] 辅音 10对 清辅音

[p][t][k][f][s][W][F][tF][tr][ts] 浊辅音

[b][d][g][v][z][T][V][dV][dr][dz] 3个鼻音 [m][n][N] 3个似拼音 [h][r][l]

2个半元音 [w][j]

英语单词发音规则

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词

a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim

o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock

u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super 二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词

a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [_:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother 三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词

a [E]E China another woman breakfast orange comrade village cabbage e [E] hundred student open weekend chicken pocket begin children

i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise satellite

o [E] second tonight somebody welcome [Eu] also zero photo u [E] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。 四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词

arar在[w]音后面 [_:] car farm dark sharpener [C:] warm quarter towards

oror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short [E:] word worker worse

er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday 辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 are [錏] care dare hare ere [iE] here mere ire [aiE] fire hire wire

ore [C:] more score before ure [juE] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure

重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph 六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词

ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play air [錏] air hair chair pair repair

alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all [C:l] always also salt almost [_:] half calm

au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw ea [i:] teach easy cheap please [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great

ear [iE] hear dear near clear year [錏] bear pear wear swear [E:] earth learn early

ee [i:] jeep week green three eer [iE] pioneer deer beer ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key

eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew jewelry

ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet oo [u:] broom food tooth school book look cook foot good

ou/ow [au] flower house count down [ou] know row throw though [∧] young country enough [u:] group you soup

our [C:] course your four [auE] our hour ours [E:] journey

ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词

ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion [Fn] impression nation

-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion -tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion -sten [sn] listen -stle [sl] whistle

-sure [VE] pleasure measure -ture [tFE] picture culture

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]

有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[_:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜 九、辅字组的读音 辅字组 读 音 例 词 b bike bus bag [/] bomb tomb

cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide cinema

ch [tF] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [F] machine

-ck [k] cock pocket black knock d [d] doctor bread hand day -dge [dV] bridge fridge

dr- [dr] children driver drink f [f] five four breakfast gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go [dV] orange large German

gh [f] cough enough [/] light daughter high

gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue [^w] language anguish h [h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest

j [dV] jeep jar joke join July k [k] kind bike skate make week kn- [n] knife know knock l [l] life milk school tall m [m] monkey come autumn -mn [m] autumn column solemn

nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note [N] uncle thank hungry

-ng [N] morning young wrong p [p] paper plane pig ship pen ph [f] elephant photo telephone q [k] Iraq

qu- [kw] quality quite r [r] red rubber ruler

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk [z] music husband sc- [sk] scarlet [s] muscle science

sh [F] she fish shirt wash

t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet [F] patient nation tch [tF] watch

th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [鑍 thin thirty method [T] the these with than [T] clothe fathe r weather tr- [tr] tree train country truck v [v] very voice love leave

w [w] week win wake sweet wait [/] Answer two

wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why [h] who whose whole

x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise [gz] example exist exact wr- [r] write

y- [j] yes yard yellow young z [z] puzzle zero zoo 英语语音名词解释

1．音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音