MineSafety煤矿安全大学毕业论文英文文献翻译及原文
上传者:卢建华|上传时间:2017-06-03|密次下载
MineSafety煤矿安全大学毕业论文英文文献翻译及原文
毕 业 设 计(论文)
外 文 文 献 翻 译
文献、资料中文题目:煤矿安全
文献、资料英文题目:Mine safety
文献、资料来源:
文献、资料发表(出版)日期:
院 (部):
专 业:
班 级:
姓 名:
学 号:
指导教师:
翻译日期: 2017.02.14
Mine ventilation is twofold in purpose: first, it maintains life, and secondly it carries off dangerous gases. The historic role of ventilation was to provide a flow of fresh air sufficient to replace the oxygen consumed by the miners working underground. Today's mine ventilation primarily deals with noxious gases (mainly generated by trackless equipment underground).
Canaries are said to have been used to detect gas in coal mines in the early
stages of coal mining. This sensitive bird would be taken into the workings and, if it perished, the colliers would immediately leave the mine.In the 1920s the hand-turned fans were replaced with air-powered small turbine fans. Large fans of the suction type were placed on the surface and gradually increased in size. Air from surface compressors was piped into the mine to power machinery and to assist in ventilation.
Unless the air is properly distributed to the face, the mine ventilation system is not performing its primary function [1]. While it has always been recognized that this last part of ventilation is the most import, it is also the most difficult to achieve.
The primary means of producing and controlling the airflow are also illustrated on Figure 1. Main fans, either singly or in combination, handle all of the air that passes
through the entire system.
These are usually, but not
necessarily, located on
surface, either exhausting
air through the system as
shown on Figure 1 or,
alternatively, connected to
downcast shafts or main
intakes and forcing air into and through the system. Because of the additional hazards of gases and dust that may both be explosive, legislation governing the ventilation of coal mines is stricter than for most other underground facilities. In many countries, the main ventilation fans for coal mines
are Figure 1. Typical elements of a main ventilation system
required, by law, to be placed on surface and may also be subject to other restrictions such as being located out of line with the connected shaft or drift and equipped with blow-out panels to help protect the fan in case of a mine explosion.
Stoppings and Seals:In developing a mine, connections are necessarily made between intakes and returns. When these are no longer required for access or ventilation, they should be blocked by stoppings in order to prevent short-circuiting of the airflow. Stoppings can be constructed from masonry, concrete blocks or fireproofed timber blocks. Prefabricated steel stoppings may also be employed. Stoppings should be well keyed into the roof, floor and sides, particularly if the strata are weak or in coal mines liable to spontaneous combustion. Leakage can be reduced by coating the high pressure face of the stopping with a sealant material and particular attention paid to the perimeter. Here again, in weak or chemically active strata, such coatings may be extended to the rock surfaces for a few metres back from the stopping. In cases where the airways are liable to convergence, precautions should be taken to protect stoppings against premature failure or cracking. These measures can vary from crush pads located at the top of the stopping to sliding or deformable panels on prefabricated stoppings. In all cases, components of stoppings should be fireproof and should not produce toxic fumes when heated.
As a short term measure, fire-resistant brattice curtains may be tacked to roof, sides and floor to provide temporary stoppings where pressure differentials are low such as in locations close to the working areas.
Where abandoned areas of a mine are to be isolated from the current
ventilation infrastructure, seals should be constructed at the entrances of the connecting airways. If required to be explosion-proof, these consist of two or more stoppings, 5 to 10 metres apart, with the intervening space occupied by sand, stone dust, compacted non-flammable rock waste, cement-based fill or other manufactured material. Steel girders, laced between roof and floor add structural strength. Grouting the surrounding strata adds to the integrity of the seal in weak ground. In coal mines, mining law or prudent regard for safety may require seals to be explosion-proof.
Doors and airlocks:Where access must remain available between an intake and a return airway, a stopping may be fitted with a ventilation door. In its simplest form, this is merely a wooden or steel door hinged such that it opens towards the higher air pressure. This self-closing feature is supplemented by angling the hinges so that the door lifts slightly when opened and closes under its own weight. It is also advisable to fit doors with latches to prevent their opening in cases of emergency when the direction of pressure differentials may be reversed. Contoured flexible strips attached along the bottom of the door assist in reducing leakage, particularly when the airway is fitted with rail track.
Ventilation doors located between main intakes and returns are usually built as a set of two or more to form an airlock. This prevents short-circuiting when one door is opened for passage of vehicles or personnel. The distance between doors should be capable of accommodating the longest train of vehicles required to pass through the airlock. For higher pressure differentials, multiple doors also allow the pressure break to be shared between doors.
Mechanized doors, opened by pneumatic or electrical means are particularly
Cfd applied to ventilation sys tems:Due to recent advances in computer processing power CFD has been used to solve a wide range of large and complex flow problems across many branches of engineering (Moloney et. al. 1997/98/99). The increase in processor speed has also enabled the development of improved post processing and graphical techniques with which to visualize the results produced by these models. Recent research work has employed CFD models, validated by scale and full-scale experiments, to represent the ventilation flows and pollutant dispersion patterns within underground mine networks. In particular, studies by Moloney (1997) demonstrated that validated CFD models were able to successfully replicate the ventilation flows and gaseous pollutant dispersion patterns observed within auxiliary ventilated rapid development drivages. CFD has proven a capable method by which to identify detailed characteristics of the flow within critical areas such as the cutting face. The results produced by the CFD models were able to demonstrate the relative
下载文档
热门试卷
- 2016年四川省内江市中考化学试卷
- 广西钦州市高新区2017届高三11月月考政治试卷
- 浙江省湖州市2016-2017学年高一上学期期中考试政治试卷
- 浙江省湖州市2016-2017学年高二上学期期中考试政治试卷
- 辽宁省铁岭市协作体2017届高三上学期第三次联考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市钦州港区2016-2017学年高二11月月考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市钦州港区2017届高三11月月考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市钦州港区2016-2017学年高一11月月考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市高新区2016-2017学年高二11月月考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市高新区2016-2017学年高一11月月考政治试卷
- 山东省滨州市三校2017届第一学期阶段测试初三英语试题
- 四川省成都七中2017届高三一诊模拟考试文科综合试卷
- 2017届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题(附答案)
- 重庆市永川中学高2017级上期12月月考语文试题
- 江西宜春三中2017届高三第一学期第二次月考文科综合试题
- 内蒙古赤峰二中2017届高三上学期第三次月考英语试题
- 2017年六年级(上)数学期末考试卷
- 2017人教版小学英语三年级上期末笔试题
- 江苏省常州西藏民族中学2016-2017学年九年级思想品德第一学期第二次阶段测试试卷
- 重庆市九龙坡区七校2016-2017学年上期八年级素质测查(二)语文学科试题卷
- 江苏省无锡市钱桥中学2016年12月八年级语文阶段性测试卷
- 江苏省无锡市钱桥中学2016-2017学年七年级英语12月阶段检测试卷
- 山东省邹城市第八中学2016-2017学年八年级12月物理第4章试题(无答案)
- 【人教版】河北省2015-2016学年度九年级上期末语文试题卷(附答案)
- 四川省简阳市阳安中学2016年12月高二月考英语试卷
- 四川省成都龙泉中学高三上学期2016年12月月考试题文科综合能力测试
- 安徽省滁州中学2016—2017学年度第一学期12月月考高三英语试卷
- 山东省武城县第二中学2016.12高一年级上学期第二次月考历史试题(必修一第四、五单元)
- 福建省四地六校联考2016-2017学年上学期第三次月考高三化学试卷
- 甘肃省武威第二十三中学2016—2017学年度八年级第一学期12月月考生物试卷
网友关注
- 2017工会工作计划
- 我国上市公司治理中的独立董事制度研究
- 增值型内部审计研究——基于完善的公司治理结构
- 夸家乡写话和春游日记评讲Word
- 2014年托福写作中如何巧用倒装句
- 马克思主义中国化的世界影响
- 寻找不一般的易班宝藏 (2)
- 第二讲 外汇交易2-即期外汇交易Word
- 二年级下册数学基础知识复习题答案
- 南昌西班牙语培训哪里好
- 伦敦桥Word
- 2015绿城西溪诚园推广方案Word
- ;保守主义人学视角的审视
- 物资购置申请表
- 2017年5月换题季-雅思口语新题解析
- 学校安全和法制教育调查问卷
- 郊游Word
- 第二章合并会计报表概述14Word
- XXX地区危险化学品运输泄漏事故演练脚本
- 英语(语法规律)
- 安妮日记读后感
- 二年级下册数学应用复习题答案
- 南宁市盲聋哑学校-消防安全教育-22pWord
- 团队冲突管理 (1)Word
- 社会心理学作业一组战勐201201862答案Word
- 关于大学生高考志愿填写情况的调查问卷Word
- Unit 5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came Section A (1a—2d)Word
- 1.社会心理学是什么Word
- 考研“真人书”上架啦
- 数学《我身上的数》Word
网友关注视频
- 人教版二年级下册数学
- 8 随形想象_第一课时(二等奖)(沪教版二年级上册)_T3786594
- 8.练习八_第一课时(特等奖)(苏教版三年级上册)_T142692
- 【部编】人教版语文七年级下册《过松源晨炊漆公店(其五)》优质课教学视频+PPT课件+教案,辽宁省
- 外研版英语七年级下册module3 unit2第一课时
- 苏教版二年级下册数学《认识东、南、西、北》
- 七年级英语下册 上海牛津版 Unit5
- 冀教版小学英语五年级下册lesson2教学视频(2)
- 北师大版数学 四年级下册 第三单元 第二节 小数点搬家
- 冀教版英语五年级下册第二课课程解读
- 沪教版牛津小学英语(深圳用) 五年级下册 Unit 7
- 沪教版牛津小学英语(深圳用) 四年级下册 Unit 2
- 外研版英语三起5年级下册(14版)Module3 Unit2
- 【部编】人教版语文七年级下册《过松源晨炊漆公店(其五)》优质课教学视频+PPT课件+教案,江苏省
- 化学九年级下册全册同步 人教版 第22集 酸和碱的中和反应(一)
- 沪教版牛津小学英语(深圳用) 四年级下册 Unit 12
- 沪教版牛津小学英语(深圳用) 六年级下册 Unit 7
- 沪教版八年级下册数学练习册一次函数复习题B组(P11)
- 第19课 我喜欢的鸟_第一课时(二等奖)(人美杨永善版二年级下册)_T644386
- 3月2日小学二年级数学下册(数一数)
- 《空中课堂》二年级下册 数学第一单元第1课时
- 飞翔英语—冀教版(三起)英语三年级下册Lesson 2 Cats and Dogs
- 19 爱护鸟类_第一课时(二等奖)(桂美版二年级下册)_T3763925
- 青岛版教材五年级下册第四单元(走进军营——方向与位置)用数对确定位置(一等奖)
- 沪教版八年级下次数学练习册21.4(2)无理方程P19
- 化学九年级下册全册同步 人教版 第18集 常见的酸和碱(二)
- 第4章 幂函数、指数函数和对数函数(下)_六 指数方程和对数方程_4.7 简单的指数方程_第一课时(沪教版高一下册)_T1566237
- 冀教版小学数学二年级下册第二单元《租船问题》
- 【获奖】科粤版初三九年级化学下册第七章7.3浓稀的表示
- 【部编】人教版语文七年级下册《泊秦淮》优质课教学视频+PPT课件+教案,广东省
精品推荐
- 2016-2017学年高一语文人教版必修一+模块学业水平检测试题(含答案)
- 广西钦州市高新区2017届高三11月月考政治试卷
- 浙江省湖州市2016-2017学年高一上学期期中考试政治试卷
- 浙江省湖州市2016-2017学年高二上学期期中考试政治试卷
- 辽宁省铁岭市协作体2017届高三上学期第三次联考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市钦州港区2016-2017学年高二11月月考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市钦州港区2017届高三11月月考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市钦州港区2016-2017学年高一11月月考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市高新区2016-2017学年高二11月月考政治试卷
- 广西钦州市高新区2016-2017学年高一11月月考政治试卷
分类导航
- 互联网
- 电脑基础知识
- 计算机软件及应用
- 计算机硬件及网络
- 计算机应用/办公自动化
- .NET
- 数据结构与算法
- Java
- SEO
- C/C++资料
- linux/Unix相关
- 手机开发
- UML理论/建模
- 并行计算/云计算
- 嵌入式开发
- windows相关
- 软件工程
- 管理信息系统
- 开发文档
- 图形图像
- 网络与通信
- 网络信息安全
- 电子支付
- Labview
- matlab
- 网络资源
- Python
- Delphi/Perl
- 评测
- Flash/Flex
- CSS/Script
- 计算机原理
- PHP资料
- 数据挖掘与模式识别
- Web服务
- 数据库
- Visual Basic
- 电子商务
- 服务器
- 搜索引擎优化
- 存储
- 架构
- 行业软件
- 人工智能
- 计算机辅助设计
- 多媒体
- 软件测试
- 计算机硬件与维护
- 网站策划/UE
- 网页设计/UI
- 网吧管理