教师资格考试中学英语知识点讲解一

　　中小学教师职业道德规范教师资格证报名条件 【词条1】occupy

　　【点拨】occupy为动词，可意为占领。如：

　　Germany occupied a lot of countries during the Second World War.

　　【拓展】

　　1. occupy还可意为占或充满(时间，空间)；担任(职务)；占据(头脑，思想)。常用于结构：

　　①occupy oneself in doing sth. / with sth. /忙于，从事于

　　②be occupied in doing sth. / with sth.专心于，忙于。如：

　　The headmasters speech occupied three hours in all.

　　My father occupies an important position in the club.

　　My business occupies my mind constantly.

　　My little sister occupied herself with her homework last night.

　　As the final exam is drawing near， all the students are occupied in reviewing their lessons.

　　2. occupation名词，意为占有；职业。如：

　　The workers occupation of the factory lasted two weeks.

　　Please state your name， age and occupation.

　　【词条2】overlook

　　【点拨】overlook动词，意为往下看，俯视。如：

　　The house on the hill overlooks the village.

　　From the top of the hill， we can overlook the whole of the harbor.

　　【拓展】

　　1. overlook还可意为忽视，忽略。如：

　　You have overlooked several mistakes in this work.

　　2. 辨析overlooklook over

　　overlook为单个动词，意为俯视；忽视；look over为动词短语，意为检查，查看。如：

　　Dont overlook the students who are poor in their studies.

　　We must look over the house before we decide to rent it.

　　【词条3】wound

　　【点拨】wound可用作动词，意为使受伤。如：

　　The bullet wounded him in the left leg.

　　【拓展】

　　1. wound还可用作名词，意为创伤，伤口。如：

　　The soldier received a serious wound in the chest.

　　2. 辨析woundinjurehurt

　　这三个词都表示受伤。wound一般指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤，尤指战争、战斗中受伤；injure一般指由于意外或事故造成损伤；hurt可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害。如：

　　The soldier was badly wounded in the head.

　　Although his hand was injured， he continued to operate the machine.

　　He hurt his leg when he fell from the ladder.

　　经典短语透视

　　【短语1】make a breakthrough

　　【点拨】make a breakthrough意为取得重大突破(进展)。如：

　　The key to the problem is to make a breakthrough with a clear aim.

　　The two countries made a significant breakthrough in negotiations.

　　【拓展】辨析breakthrough与break through breakthrough为名词，意为惊人的进展；关键问题的解决；break through为动词短语，意为突破，突围；克服。如：

　　Ive been learning English for years； I want to make a breakthrough.

　　Scientists say they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.

　　The enemy attempted to break through our lines.

　　【短语2】to ones astonishment

　　【点拨】to ones astonishment意为令某人惊讶的是，相当于to the astonishment of sb.。如：

　　To my astonishment， he remembered my birthday and bought me flowers.

　　【拓展】in astonishment意为惊奇地。如：

　　Those present looked at each other in astonishment after hearing the news.

　　The students looked at their teacher in astonishment.

　　【短语3】declare war on

　　【点拨】declare war on，相当于declare war against意为向宣战。如：

　　Japan declared war on China in 1937.

　　Police have declared war on drug dealers in the area.

　　【拓展】辨析declareannounce

　　declare常用于正式场合，含有庄严宣告或交代清楚的意思，它所涉及的事不一定是对方所不知道的。announce更接近于汉语公布、告知的意思，它所涉及的是一件对方原来不知道的事。如：

　　The accused declared himself innocent.

　　The date of his visit has not been announced.

　　热点语法聚焦

　　上期重点讲虚拟语气在if引导的非真实条件状语从句中的用法，本期重点讲述虚拟语气在其他从句中的一些主要用法。

　　1. 虚拟语气用于宾语从句

　　(1) wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气。表示现在的祝愿和报歉。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be用were(was)，实义动词用过去式。如：

　　I miss you so much and I wish I were there with you.

　　表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或could+现在完成时。如：

　　I wish I had known him ten years ago.

　　表示对将来事情的愿望。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语为would / should / could / might +动词原形。如：

　　I wish I could fly to the moon one day.

　　(2)虚拟语气用于其他宾语从句在suggest， advise， propose， order， command， demand， require， request， insist等表示建议、命令、劝告等的动词后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。如：

　　He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.

　　注意： suggest 作显示，表明，说明，insist作坚持说，坚持认为时，从句不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。如：

　　His pale face suggests that he is ill.

　　He insisted that he was right， and so he insisted that his plan be carried out at once.

　　2. 虚拟语气用于主语从句

　　(1) 在句型It is important (necessary， strange， essential ...) that .... 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用(should)+ 动词原形。如：

　　Its necessary that you should review your lessons before the examination.

　　(2) 在句型It is suggested (requested， proposed， ordered ...) that ... 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用(should)+ 动词原形。如：

　　Its suggested that we (should) put on a short play at the party.

　　3. 虚拟语气用于表语从句或同位语从句

　　advice， idea， order， demand， plan， proposal， suggestion， request等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)+ 动词原形。如：

　　His suggestion that we (should) go fishing is wonderful.

　　My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.

　　4. 以as if / as though引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气

　　从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，用had +过去分词；表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might， could) +动词原形。如：

　　He speaks as if he knew everything about the accident.

　　The two strangers were talking warmly as though they had been friends for years.