“文革”时期山西夺权研究

南京师范大学

硕士学位论文

“文革”时期山西夺权研究

姓名：张宁

申请学位级别：硕士

专业：历史学；中国近现代史

指导教师：经盛鸿

2009-05-09

中文摘要

1967年1月，全国“文革”大动乱走向高潮。1月12日，以刘格平、张日清等人为代表的造反派占领了省、市委的重要机构，宣布夺权成功。山西成为全国范围内继上海之后第二个成功夺权的地区，开创了在一个省的范围内全面夺权的先例，引起了中央的关注。毛泽东和林彪、江青出于不同的考虑，对山西的夺权运动大加赞扬和鼓励，并号召全国其他省、区以山西为榜样进行夺权。从参与夺权的造反派的角度来说，山西的造反派成分多样，其中的中坚力量可分为四大派：一，学生造反派代表；二，以刘格平为首的干部造反派代表；三，以陈永贵为首的农民造反派代表；四，以张日清为首的山西省军区内人民解放军造反派代表。这四股势力，在造反夺权的过程中相互扶持，成为山西造反夺权取得成功的关键因素。但是，夺权之后的山西并不太平，大批的领导干部被打倒，武斗常年不止，山西的经济发展水平较文革之前也有所落后。所有的这些，都不得不引起现在的我们对于这场夺权运动本身的思考。

在本文中，笔者按照时间顺序，将夺权前的山西分为“建国前的山西”、“建国以后至‘文革’ 以前的山西”以及“‘文革’开始后至造反派夺权前的山西”三个大部分进行论述、概括，旨在说明山西造反派夺权运动之前山西的政治、经济、文教发展水平。继而引申出夺权过程中几大重要力量所发挥的作用以及中央领导对山西夺权运动的看法，最后把重点放在了山西夺权对于山西省以及全国所产生的影响上。在笔者总结看来，山西造反夺权对山西的影响主要体现在四个方面：一，山西夺权，各级干部备受迫害；二，山西夺权，重创经济建设；三，山西夺权，各派争权，武斗不断；四，山西夺权，破坏教育、文艺事业。

通过本文的论述，希望能够加深对“文化大革命”期间山西造反夺权运动的过程以及影响的了解和认知。并以此为个案，揭示出这一运动对当前我国建设社会主义法制社会以及社会主义和谐社会所带来的经验教训。

关键词：山西省 夺权 文化大革命

Abstract

Since January 1967, at the strong support of the central leadership, the whole nations rebels get ready to knock down the capitalist roaders, the rebel’s action executed immediately. Rebellion taking Liu Geping and Zhang Riqing as representative to occupy the provincial Party committee and the municipal Party committee, announced the success of power on January 12. The rebels of Shanxi province seize power successfully, made Shanxi became the second area following Shanghai about seizing power successfully, aroused the concern of the central. Mao Zedong and Lin Biao 、Jiang Qing had different considerations ,they praised and

encouraged the rebellious action in Shanxi province, And called on other provinces to seize power like Shanxi Province. Considering these rebels in Shanxi Province, they represented different classes, but the

inter-agency group included: firstly, the representative of the student among rebels; secondly, the representative of the cadre among rebels; thirdly, the representative of farmer among rebels; finally, the

representative of The People's Liberation Army among rebels. The four forces as critical factor helped each other in the whole process of seizing power. However, the Shanxi Province isn’t peaceful after seizing power successfully,: A large number of leading cadres to be down; the militant fight were kept all the year round; the level of economic development of Shanxi Province are larger behind than before the "Cultural

Revolution". All of these could not help arousing our consideration about seizing power nowadays.

In this article, in order to explain the level of politic、economic and education development of Shanxi Province before seizing power, I divide the Shanxi Province before seizing power into “Shanxi Province before the founding of the People's Republic of China”, “Shanxi Province between the founding of the People's Republic of China and the ‘Cultural Revolution’”, “Shanxi Province between the ‘Cultural Revolution’

and before seizing power” according to timing. Then I explain the role of the elite group in the seizing power course and the considerations of the central leader. Finally, I put the stress on the influence of the seizing power on the Shanxi Province and the whole country. In my opinion, the influence of the seizing power on the Shanxi Province includes four parts: firstly, the seizing power made all kinds of Cadres have been persecuted; secondly, the seizing power destroyed the development of economic strongly; thirdly, rebels struggled for power after seizing power, Militant fight constantly; finally, the seizing power destroyed the development of art and education.

Through discussing in this article, I hope everybody can understand the course and influence of the seizing power of Shanxi Province during the “Cultural Revolution”. Then the study reveals that the experience and lessons of this seizing power on the rule of law of socialist society and harmonious of socialist society.

Keywords: The Shanxi Province; Seize power; The “Cultural Revolution”

学位论文独创性声明

本人郑重声明：

1、坚持以“求实、创新”的科学精神从事研究工作。

2、本论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作和取得的研究成果。

3、本论文中除引文外，所有实验、数据和有关材料均是真实的。

4、本论文中除引文和致谢的内容外，不包含其他人或其它机构已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。

5、其他同志对本研究所做的贡献均已在论文中作了声明并表示了谢意。

作者签名： 张 宁

日 期： 2009年4月9日

学位论文使用授权声明

本人完全了解南京师范大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，学校有权保留学位论文并向国家主管部门或其指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版；有权将学位论文用于非赢利目的的少量复制并允许论文进入学校图书馆被查阅；有权将学位论文的内容编入有关数据库进行检索；有权将学位论文的标题和摘要汇编出版。保密的学位论文在解密后适用本规定。 作者签名： 张 宁

日 期： 2009年4月9日