勘查技术专业英语04

Lesson 4
Moisture Content
Test Methods
The standard method for determining moisture content of soils is the oven-drying method,
and this is the procedure recommended for a soil laboratory. A subsidiary method using a heated
sand-bath is also described for use on site where an oven is not available or would be
impracticable. Another site method used extensively for moisture control of fill is the carbide
provided by the manufacturer with the equipment.
第四课 含水量
试验方法
测定土的含水量的标准方法是烘箱烘干法，这也是土工试验所采用的方法。而在工程现
场（site）无烘箱或不现实时，可用热沙浴作为一种辅助方法。另一种广泛应用于控制填土
含水量的现场测试法是碳化物法，这种设备和碳化物可由制造厂家提供。（碳化物随设备一
起由厂家提供）。
注释: 1.moisture 湿度，湿气。2.oven-drying 烘箱烘干。3.recommended 建议的，推荐
的。4.subsidiary 辅助的。5.sand-bath 沙浴。6.site 现场的。7.extensively 广泛地。8.carbide
碳化物。9.manufacture 制造。10.would be impracticable 虚拟语气。
Another method, in which methylated spirit is mixed with the soil and ignited, is given in the
British Standard, where it is referred to as the Alcohol Method. This procedure is not
recommended as a laboratory method, because of the risk of fire, and is not described here.
另外一种是将土和含甲醇酒精混合点燃法，英国规范已采用，称做酒精法。实验室不采
用此种方法（这种方法并不被推荐作为实验室方法），因为有火灾危险，本文不进行介绍。
注释: 1.methylate 加入甲醇。2.spirit 酒精。3.alcohol 酒精。4.ignite 点火。
Oven drying (BS 1377: 1975, Test l (A))
A drying temperature of 105–110℃ is specified as the standard procedure, and this should
be used as a general rule. However, this temperature may be too high for certain types of soil. For
peats and soils containing organic matter a drying temperature of 60℃ is to be preferred, to
prevent oxidation of the organic content. For soils containing gypsum the water of crystallisation
may be lost at temperatures above 100℃, so a temperature not exceeding 80℃ should be used.
The same can apply to some soils from tropical regions. These lower temperatures may require
longer drying time.
烘箱烘干法 （BS1377， 1975，实验 1（A））（BS stands for British standard）
烘干温度标准是105–110℃，这应做为一般规定（执行）。但是，此温度对于某些土类
可能是太高了。对于泥炭和含有机物的土来说，60℃温度是合适的，它可避免有机物的氧化。
对于含有石膏（H
2
SO
4
.Ca.2H
2
O）的土，温度高于 100℃时，其结晶水会失去，所以应采用
不得高于80℃的温度。这同样适用于某些热带地区的土。较低的温度需要较长的烘干时间。