在高压下规整填料中的流动实验研究
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在高压下规整填料中的流动实验研究
Chinese d.Chem.Eng.,12(4)482—485(2004) An Experimental Study of Structured Packing in High Pressure Services丰 TANG Zhongli(唐忠利),ZHANG Peng(张鹏),CHEN Jiangbo(陈江波), LIU Chunjiang(1春江)”,YUAN Xigang(袁希钢)and Yu Guocong(余国琮) State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering(Tianjin),Tiajin University,Tianjin 300072,China Abstract Both distillation performance and hydrodynamic study for backmixing by tracer technique were carried out in ahigh-pressure packed column with 0.15 minner diameter over awide range of operating conditions.Isobutane and n.pentane are employed as test mixture in the distillation experiment and air/water is used for the hydrodynamic study.The column is installed with Mellapak 350Y structured packing and the total packing height is 2.0 m.With the increasing operating pressure,the separation efficiency increases slightly while the F—factor corresponding to the maximum efficiency at each pressure is descending.It is noted that,at all operating pressures,with the increase of F.factor.the packing efficiency is slightly higher up to the flooding point.The application of SRP model to high—pressure distillation gives much lower values of HTUoG than those obtained experimentally.An additional term,the height of mixing unit,is introduced to correct the SRP model and improve its accuracy at high pressure. From the tracer experiments,the height of mixing unit for gas phase was found to be larger than that for the liquid phase.From this viewpoint,it is believed that the gas phase backmixing gives more unfavorable influence on the separation efficiency in comparison with liquid phase. Keywords high—pressure distillation,structured packing,axial dispersion,height of mixing unit,separation effi- ciency 1INTRoDUCTIoN The high.pressure distillation has been received much more attention in recent years.The unusual behavior of high pressure distillation begin to appear when the system pressure is above about 1.0 MPa.for instance.early flooding may occur in tray columns and the emciency is much lower in packed towers[1|.The cause of losing efficiency at high pressure is different for different types of packing.Zuiderweg and Nutter[2j investigated the performance of arandom packing, the Nutter Rings.in the pressure range from 0.7 MPa to 3.0 MPa and found that the vapor backmixing in packed columns is the main cause of emciency loss. Nevertheless,another study on astructured packing[3J showed that the reduction of efIiciency is due to the development of liquid backmixing.Because of the im— portance of backmixing,or axial dispersion,in high- pressure distillation.it is necessary to make clear the effect of gas and liquid backmixing on the separation efficiency.For this purpose.both the distillation per— formance for testing the separation emciency and the hydrodynamic study for investigating the backmixing by tracer technique were conducted in this work. 2EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PRoCEDURE As shown in Fig.1,a overall height of 6.40 mhigh—pressure column with an and inner diameter of 0.15 mwas installed for investigation.The column consists of an oil heater,a reboiler,two packing sections and atotal condenser.The structured packing packed in the column was Mellapak 350Y.manufactured in China. The packing was installed in two sections and each section consisted of ten 100 mm thick element.Each element was placed one after another by rotating 90。 in succession.There were four sampling points along the packing height.Liquid samples were withdrawn from the bed by bayonet samplers.These samplers consisted of 70 mm long slotted tubes with 3mm in diameter.The samplers were inserted into the pack. ing with a50 inclination.The top 1iquid sample was taken from the reflux line and the bottom 1iquid sam. ple was drawn from the inlet line to the reboiler. The distillation performance was carried out at total reflux and iso butane/n.pentane was used as the test mixture.The operating pressure was vary. ing from 0.7 MPa to 1.9 MPa and the loading factor Fv(the product of superficial vapor velocity and the square root of the vapor density)was ranging from o.49 to 1.68(m? s-1)? (kg? m-3)o‘5 for evaluating the el- fects of physical property separation efficiency.The and liquid loading on the column was operated at apredetermined appropriate heating load for each run. Usually asteady state operation was achieved in 60~
90 min after changing the heat load.Once the col- umn reached the steady state,samples at each sam- Received 2003-1 1-12,accepted 2004-03-23. +Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20136010) ++To whom correspondence should be addressed.E-maih cjliu@tju.edu.cn
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