day7-1 LVM

rhce认证考试笔记

LVM逻辑卷管理： http://wendang.chazidian.com =====> Enterprise Linux ================================================================= 内容提要： 创建LVM VG扩展／缩小 LV扩容／文件系统扩容 LVM Snapshot 一、创建LVM 0. 准备物理磁盘 可以是： /dev/sdb /dev/sdc1 （建立在RIAD之上） [root@server0 ~]# ll /dev/vdb* brw-rw----. 1 root disk 253, 16 12月 6 11:11 /dev/vdb brw-rw----. 1 root disk 253, 17 12月 6 11:11 /dev/vdb1 1. pv [root@server0 ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb1 Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created [root@server0 ~]# pvscan PV /dev/vdb1 lvm2 [1.00 GiB] Total: 1 [1.00 GiB] / in use: 0 [0 ] / in no VG: 1 [1.00 GiB] 2. vg [root@server0 ~]# vgcreate -s 64M vg1 /dev/vdb1 [root@server0 ~]# vgdisplay vg1 --- Volume group --- VG Name vg1 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 960.00 MiB PE Size 64.00 MiB Total PE 15 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 15 / 960.00 MiB VG UUID Zv9hou-iIWu-IOLc-DT1M-SxFy-Ug4k-hTSDSo 3. lv [root@server0 ~]# lvcreate -l 10 -n lv1 vg1 [root@server0 ~]# lvcreate -L 200M -n lv2 vg1 [root@server0 ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/vg1/lv1' [640.00 MiB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/vg1/lv2' [256.00 MiB] inherit 4. 创建文件系统并挂载 [root@server0 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg1/lv1 [root@server0 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg1/lv2 [root@server0 ~]# mkdir /mnt/lv1 /mnt/lv2 [root@server0 ~]# vim /etc/fstab /dev/vg1/lv1 /mnt/lv1 xfs defaults 0 0 /dev/vg1/lv2 /mnt/lv2 ext4 defaults 0 0 [root@server0 ~]# mount -a [root@server0 ~]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 651948 32928 619020 6% /mnt/lv1 /dev/mapper/vg1-lv2 245671 2062 226406 1% /mnt/lv2 二、VG管理 ==扩大VG vgextend== 1. pv [root@server0 ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb2 2. vgextend [root@server0 ~]# vgextend vg1 /dev/vdb2 [root@server0 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vg1 2 2 0 wz--n- 1.88g 1.00g ==减小VG vgreduce== 1.查看当前的VG中PV的使用情况 [root@server0 ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/vdb1 vg1 lvm2 a-- 960.00m 64.00m /dev/vdb2 vg1 lvm2 a-- 960.00m 960.00m 2. pvmove数据到其它PV [root@server0 ~]# pvmove /dev/vdb1 /dev/vdb1: Moved: 0.0% /dev/vdb1: Moved: 71.4% /dev/vdb1: Moved: 100.0% [root@server0 ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/vdb1 vg1 lvm2 a-- 960.00m 960.00m /dev/vdb2 vg1 lvm2 a-- 960.00m 64.00m 3.vgreduce VG [root@server0 ~]# vgreduce vg1 /dev/vdb1 Removed "/dev/vdb1" fro

rhce认证考试笔记

m volume group "vg1" [root@server0 ~]# [root@server0 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vg1 1 2 0 wz--n- 960.00m 64.00m 三、LV扩容 1. lv扩容 [root@server0 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vg1 2 2 0 wz--n- 1.88g 1.00g [root@server0 ~]# lvextend -L 800M /dev/vg1/lv1 [root@server0 ~]# lvextend -L +800M /dev/vg1/lv1 [root@server0 ~]# lvextend -l 15 /dev/vg1/lv1 [root@server0 ~]# lvextend -l +15 /dev/vg1/lv1 [root@server0 ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/vg1/lv1' [768.00 MiB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/vg1/lv2' [512.00 MiB] inherit 2. FS扩容 [root@server0 ~]# df -Th /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 xfs 637M 67M 570M 11% /mnt/lv1 /dev/mapper/vg1-lv2 ext4 240M 32M 192M 15% /mnt/lv2 a. xfs [root@server0 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg1/lv1 b. ext4 [root@server0 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv2 [root@server0 ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 xfs 765M 67M 698M 9% /mnt/lv1 /dev/mapper/vg1-lv2 ext4 488M 32M 429M 7% /mnt/lv2 四、LVM快照snapshot 1. 创建快照 (EXT4) [root@server0 ~]# lvcreate -L 128M -s -n lv2-snap /dev/vg1/lv2 [root@server0 ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert lv1 vg1 -wi-ao---- 768.00m lv2 vg1 owi-aos--- 512.00m lv2-snap vg1 swi-aos--- 128.00m lv2 5.92 [root@server0 ~]# mount /dev/vg1/lv2-snap /mnt/lv2-snap/ [root@server0 ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg1-lv2 ext4 488M 32M 429M 7% /mnt/lv2 /dev/mapper/vg1-lv2--snap ext4 488M 32M 429M 7% /mnt/lv2-snap [root@server0 ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/vg1/lv1' [768.00 MiB] inherit ACTIVE Original '/dev/vg1/lv2' [512.00 MiB] inherit ACTIVE Snapshot '/dev/vg1/lv2-snap' [128.00 MiB] inherit [root@server0 ~]# ls /mnt/lv2 etc lost+found [root@server0 ~]# ls /mnt/lv2-snap/ etc lost+found 2. 修改原卷的数据 3. 观察Snapshot [root@server0 ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert lv1 vg1 -wi-ao---- 768.00m lv2 vg1 owi-aos--- 512.00m lv2-snap vg1 swi-aos--- 128.00m lv2 30.56 =============================================================================== XFS： [root@server0 ~]# mount -o nouuid,norecovery,ro /dev/vg1/lv1-snap /mnt/lv1-snap/ 挂载快照，尽量使用ro的方式，将不会破坏快照卷中的数据 =============================================================================== [root@server0 ~]# dmsetup ls --tree vg1-lv2--snap (252:5) ├─vg1-lv2--snap-cow (252:7) │ └─ (253:17) └─vg1-lv2-real (252:6) ├─ (253:17) └─ (253:18) vg1-lv2 (252:1) └─vg1

rhce认证考试笔记

-lv2-real (252:6) ├─ (253:17) └─ (253:18) 快照自动增长： [root@server0 ~]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf snapshot_autoextend_threshold = 70 snapshot_autoextend_percent = 20 [root@server0 ~]# systemctl restart lvm2-monitor.service 注：快照卷 和 原卷 使用同一VG空间