电池阳极PPT的演讲稿

anode3 电池阳极PPT的演讲稿

Good evening, I’d like to make an introduction about anode of battery. I will mainly talk about these four aspects: what is a battery, what is an anode, electrolytic anode and categories of anode.

So, what is a battery? Nowadays, battery is necessary in our daily life. they are widely used in buses, in electric motorcycles, in laptops, in cellphones , in electronic watches, in flashlights, and so on . In general, an electric battery is a device convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. A battery may either be a single cell or multiple cells. Each cell contains a positive terminal and a negative terminal.

Batteries can be divided into two varieties: primary batteries and secondary batteries. (single-use or "disposable") batteries are used once and discarded; the electrode materials are irreversibly changed during discharge. Common examples are the 碱性电池 used for 手电筒 and a multitude of portable devices. Secondary (rechargeable batteries) can be discharged and recharged multiple times; the original composition of the electrodes can be restored修复,恢复 by reverse current反向电流. Examples include the lithium ion batteries锂电池 used for portable electronics and the lead-acid batteries铅酸电池 used in vehicles车辆.

Battery cell consists of a container, electrodes (anode and cathode), separator material, electrolyte and conductive current collectors. I will mainly make an introduction about anode. The anode is where the cell’s oxidation reaction takes place, generating electrons to the external circuit. ，however, if the device consumes power, the anode is positive . ? In a discharging battery or galvanic cell , the anode is the negative terminal because it is where

the current flows into "the device" (i.e. the battery cell). This inward current is carried externally by electrons moving outwards

? In a recharging battery, or an electrolytic cell, the anode is the positive terminal, which receives

current from an external generator外电源. The current through a recharging battery is opposite to the direction of current during discharge; in other words, the electrode which was the cathode during battery discharge becomes the anode while the battery is echarging. ? 电解池：通电后，电子从外电源负极经阴极进入电解池，使阴极上电子过剩；电子从

阳极离开，流回外电源正极，使阳极上电子缺少。铜离子趋向阴极，在阴极获得电子，发生还原反应；氯离子趋向阳极，在阳极失去电子，发生氧化反应。无论用什么材料作为阴极，总是电解液中的一种离子在阴极获得电子，发生还原反应而析出。

原电池：Then, I will talk about anodes in some representative batteries. This is a kind of primary batteries, the very first cell, galvanic cell, the negative terminal is active metals like zinc, it’s the anode. In the process of discharging, zinc dissolve in electrolyte and oxidized into zinc ions and provide electrons with oxidation. Electrons travel from the anode to the cathode, causing a charge imbalance. The direction of the current flow is opposite to that of the electrons.

anode3 电池阳极PPT的演讲稿

Galvanic cells are generally classified by the negative electrode (such as zinc, cadmium, magnesium, lithium, etc.) and the positive electrode (such as manganese, mercury, sulfur dioxide, carbon fluoride, etc.) into zinc manganese battery, zinc air battery, zinc silver battery, zinc mercury batteries, lithium manganese batteries, carbon batteries, lithium fluoride sulfur dioxide battery, etc. among them, zinc manganese battery have the highest production 原电池一般按负极（如锌、镉、镁、锂等）和正极活性物质（如锰、汞、二氧化硫、氟化碳等）分为锌锰电池、锌空气电池、锌银电池、锌汞电池、镁锰电池、锂氟化碳电池、锂二氧化硫电池等。锌锰电池产量最大

锂离子电池：lithium (Li) ion battery is widely used in modern digital products like our cellphone, PC. The anode is usually graphite, lithium titanate钛酸盐, hard carbon, tin/cobalt alloy,

silicon/carbon, in the future, nanomaterials will also be used in anode. Lithium batteries is one of the secondary batteries. In the process of discharging, lithium ions emerge from the crystal lattice of the anode and go through the electrolyte, finally insert into the cathode materials. When charging, lithium ions leave from the crystal lattice of the anode, travel through the electrolyte and insert into the lattice of cathode. At the same time, the electrons travel from anode to the cathode

入到负极材料的晶格中， 放电时锂离子从负极材料的晶格中脱出，经过电解质后插入到正极材料的晶格中，充电时，锂离子从正极材料的晶格中脱出，经过电解质后插

燃料电池： A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously for as long as the inputs are supplied. Electrons are drawn from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, producing electricity. This the alkaline fuel battery, on Apollo moon flights, it was the primary source of electricity. Recently, Direct-methanol fuel cells( DMFCs) attract researchers attention and they are expected to be one of the main portable battatries. Methanol is used as the fuel on the anode. The DMFC relies upon the oxidation of methanol on a catalyst layer to form carbon dioxide. Water is consumed at the anode . Protons (H+) are transported across the electrolyte to the cathode where they react with oxygen to produce water. Electrons are transported through an external circuit from anode to cathode, providing power to connected devices.

Thank you !