unit 1 catching crabsWord

　　Mapping Embarkation

　　NavigationDestination Resources

　　Warming-upPlease make a list of the top five

　　differences between the first-yearand the last year college students.

　　Differences between freshmen and seniors 1. Waking up late for a class? 2. Worry about? 3. Purpose for study? 4. Class performance?

　　5. Dress/appearance?

　　Freshmen v. Seniors

　　first day of school

　　Freshmen v. Seniors

　　Class performance

　　Fresh men v. Seniors

　　reaction upon meeting friends

　　大一大二大三大四的区别报到定律: 大一是提前几天到的； 大二是准时到的； 大三是迟几天到的； 大四是不去注册的。

　　思想定律: 大一：理想主义 大二：浪漫主义 大三：现实主义 大四：批判现实主义

　　复习定律： 上课定律: 大一提前一个月复习 大一：你怎么迟到了？ 大二提前一个星期复习 大二：你今天怎么没上课？ 大三提前一天复习 大三：你上课去吗？ 大四提前一个小时复习 大四：你怎么上课去了？

　　大一大二大三大四的区别考试定律: 大一：什么!明天要考微积分！? 大二：什么!等下要考微积分！? 大三：什么!刚刚考的是微积分！? 大四：什么！微积分什么时候考的！?

　　Warming Up

　　Who is the man holding an Iphone ? Steve Jobs, CEO of APPLE.

　　Do you know anything about him?

　　Warming Up

　　Watch the video clip of Jobs’ speech at Stanford University and discuss the questions: 1. How could Steve Jobs be driven out of APPLE, a company started by himself? 2. What was it that kept Jobs going in life and finally got him return to APPLE?

　　Active reading 1: Embarkation

　　GraduationListen to a song named Graduation and complete the sentences.

　　More

　　Active reading 1: Embarkation

　　GraduationAnd so we talked all night about the rest of our lives Where we’re gonna be when we turn 25 I keep thinking times will never change Keep on thinking things will always be the same But when we leave this year we won’t be coming back No more hanging out ______________________ cause we’re on a different track And if you got something that you need to say You better say it right now cause you don’t have another day ____________________ Cause we’re moving on and we can’t slow down These memories are playing like a film without soundMore

　　Active reading 1: Embarkation

　　GraduationAnd I keep thinking of that night in June I didn’t know much of love But it came too soon and there was me and you And then we got _____________ real blue Stay at home talking on the telephone We’d get so ________, so __________ excited we’d get scared Laughing at ourselves thinking life’s not fair And this is how it feels As we go on, we remember All the times we had together And as our lives change, come whatever We will still be, friends foreverMore

　　Active reading 1: Embarkation

　　GraduationSo if we get the b

　　ig jobs and we make the big money When we look back now, will our jokes still be funny? Will we still remember everything we learned in school? Still be trying to _________________________ break every single rule stockbroker man Will little brainy Bobby be the __________________? Can Heather find a job that won’t interfere with her tan ____________________? I keep, I keep thinking that it’s not goodbye Keep on thinking it’s a time to fly And this is how it feels As we go on, we remember All the times we had together And as our lives change, come whatever We will still be, friends forever More We will still be friends forever

　　Active reading 1: Embarkation

　　GraduationWill we think about tomorrow like we think about now? make it survive it out there? Can we Can we ___________ ________ somehow? I guess I thought that this would never end And suddenly it’s like we’re women and men shadow Will the past be a __________ that will follow us round? fade Will these memories _________ when I leave this town I keep, I keep thinking that it’s not goodbye Keep on thinking it’s a time to fly As we go on, we remember All the times we had together And as our lives change, come whatever We will still be, friends forever

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Text organisationIdentify the textual pattern.

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　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Text organisationSituation(Para1-2): We were in our final year and had to plan for our future.

　　Problem(para3-18): I didn’t want to follow my father’s path to become a lawyer.

　　Solution(19-35): My father took me out to catch crabs.

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　ScanningRead paras 1-18 and answer the questions.1. How was the last year at college be different from earlier years?2. What did students think more about, their exams or their future? 3. Which students had already planned their future? 4. How sure was the author about what he wanted to do? 5. Who was also concerned about his future? 6. Who did he turn to for advice?

　　7. What did he thought they would say?

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　ScanningRead paras 1-18 and find out the author’s answers to the questions. 1. How was the last year at college be different from earlier years?

　　Students become more serious. They started to focus on study.2. What did students think more about, their exams or their future? Their future. 3. Which students had already planned their More future?

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Scanning4. How sure was he about what he wanted to do? Yes. He wanted to travel and be a writer. 5. Who was also concerned about his future? his family members. 6. Who did he turn to for advice? His father. 7. What did he thought they would say? He thought they would criticize him, because his father wanted him to be a lawyer.

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Discourse patternRead paras 18-35 and complete the table.Situation Problem Father and son went to the sea to catch crabs. One crab was trying to climb out, but pulled back by others. D

　　efying his fellow captives. Without luck. He gave up his struggle to escape and began to stop others trying to escape. Father wanted to tell the son not to be pulled back by others and get to know himself better.

　　SolutionEvaluation Outcome

　　Significance

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Blank fillingComplete the paragraph with the correct form of the words offered.

　　Do you know how to become a successful film scriptwriter?

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　　To be a successful film scriptwriter takes more than attendance training although (1) ____________ on a screenwriting course will definitely help you learn the skills. You also ambitious need to be very (2) __________ – the film business is very competitive. You have to be prepared to work hard productive and be very (3) ___________ because it takes more than just one good idea to make it big. Noimpressive matter how (4) resistance ___________ your idea is, there will always be (5) ___________ from producers because it’s too expensive. So make sure you have plenty of others to show them. What are you waiting for? Get on with script writing that acceptance brilliant (6) ________ and plan your (7) _______________ speech for when you win your first Oscar!

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Using narrative devicesDo you know how a writer sparks interest and encourages a reader to read on?To change between description, narration of events, and dialogue.

　　In this passage, the change is often signaled by a narrative device: comes at the beginning of the a sentence paragraph a time expression prepares the reader for the rest of the direct speech paragraphThe only exception is the final sentence left to the reader to think about what happens nextMore

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Using narrative devicesLook at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions.1. In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. Why does the passage begin with a time expression? 2. But there was something else. What is the purpose of this short sentence? 3. I went home at Thanksgiving … Why does the writer change from we to I ? 4. “So?” he said. What is the effect of the change to direct speech? 5. Crabs fascinated me. How does the focus change with this sentence? 6. My father started the motor and we set off back home. Is this an effective conclusion? Why / Why not?More

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Using narrative devices1. In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. Why does the passage begin with a time expression?“In the fall of our final year,” and “changed” signal

　　Back

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Using narrative devices2. But there was something else.What is the purpose of this short sentence? a transition from… to the next topic… Studying for the final exams?

　　the only concern

　　Nogetting a job after graduationBack

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Using narrative

　　devices3. I went home at Thanksgiving …Why does the writer change from we to I? the change of focus onto the writer as an individual

　　Description of life of final year

　　Narrative about the individual

　　Back

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Using narrative devices4. “So?” he said.What is the effect of the change to direct speech? opens a moment-by-moment dialogue slows down the narrative of events

　　gives a good impression of how the writer found it difficult to say what he wanted to do and how the father made few commentsBack

　　but

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Using narrative devices5. Crabs fascinated me. How does the focus change with this sentence? arouses the readers’ interest realize The topic of crabs is connected with the son finding a job. The crabs’ behaviour leads the father to give memorable advice.Back

　　expect some fascinating new information about crabs

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Using narrative devices6. My father started the motor and we set off back home. Is this an effective conclusion? Why / Why not? Not know what happens next but Clear implication Good conclusion: not to say it explicitly but leaves a lot of room for personal interpretationBack

　　The father will support the son’s idea of travel and of being a writer.

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Interpreting underlying meaningWork in groups and discuss the questions, each group with one question only.1. What sort of relationship do the father and son have?

　　2. Do you think the son respects his father?3. Do you think the father understands his son? 4. What is the father trying to tell his son by showing him the crabs? 5. How successful do you think the “crab story” is? 6. Is the father pleased that his son wants to be a writer?

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Interpreting underlying meaning1. What sort of relationship do the father and son have?

　　First not good

　　The son: afraid of being criticized for his ideas about a career and expects resistance from his father The father: supports what his son wants and makes him think about it by watching the crabsBack

　　Improved

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Interpreting underlying meaning2. Do you think the son respects his father? The father finds a good way of

　　showing support to his son and make him think more about his plans.

　　Back

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Interpreting underlying meaning3. Do you think the father understands his son?

　　His words: Interesting idea, I kind of wish I’d done that when I was your age. his way of teaching his son: through observing crabs

　　Back

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Interpreting underlying meaning4. What is the father trying to tell his son by showing him the crabs? not to be pulled back by others

　　find out more about yourself

　　Back

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Interpreting underlying meaning5. How successful do you think the “crab story” is? showing the father-son relationship through catching crabs

　　makes readers think about not being pulle

　　d back by othersBack

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Interpreting underlying meaning6. Is the father pleased that his son wants to be a writer?

　　We’ve never had a writer in the family.Back

　　Active reading 1: Destination

　　Summarising Talking pointGetting to know oneself

　　Ways to know oneself

　　SummarisingSummarise the text by filling the blanks.In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. The ____________________ had disappeared, and relaxed atmosphere peer group pressure the ____________________ to work hard was strong. at the back of everyone's mind Meanwhile, _______________________________ was what we would do next after graduation. As for me, I wanted to travel, and I wanted to be a resistance writer. I _________ myself for some _____________ to braced the idea from my father, who wanted me to go to law school, and ________________ through life. follow his pathMore

　　Active reading 1: Destination

　　SummarisingHowever, he supported what I wanted but he made me think about it watching by _____________________. the crabs The cage was full of crabs. One of them was trying to escape, but each time it __________________ the reached the top other crabs _____________. pulled it back In the end it gave up _________________ lengthy struggleto escape and started to prevent other crabs from escaping. By watching crabs, my father told me not to _______________ be me pulled back by others, and to get to know myself better ________________.

　　Active reading 1: Destination

　　Getting to know oneselfDiscuss your answers to the questions on P2.Student A uses the first six questions to interview Student B. B answers.

　　A then gives a comment and at the same time tries to make a conversational link to the next question and then asks the next question. After six questions, A and B change roles so that B now asks questions, gives the comments and makes links.

　　Active reading 1: Destination

　　Ways to know oneselfDiscuss which are effective in helping you know yourself better and give reasons.therapy

　　meditation personality tests horoscopes (诞生时的星位) painting, writing, playing music dream analysis healthy relationships education physical exercise

　　Active reading 1: Destination

　　Ways to know oneselfEffectivethe most effective

　　Psychot herapy

　　meditation

　　painting writing playing music

　　healthy education relationships

　　relaxation, breathing keeping your mind quiet

　　know your skills and what you want to say in relation to an audience, and therefore who you areMore

　　Know about your character

　　Active reading 1: Destination

　　Ways to know oneselfIneffective

　　personality tests

　　horoscopes

　　dream analysis

　　physical exercise

　　all sorts of not reliable dreams only divide very general in unable to people into a telling our remember limited number character our dreams of types

　　tell what we can do and show sth. about our character, but only in certain ways

　　Active reading 1: Navigation

　　Text organisationIdentify the textual pattern.

　　More

　　1. In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. Why does the passage begin with a time expression? 2. What sort of relationship do the father and son have? 3. I went home at Thanksgiving … Why does the writer change from we to I ? 4. Is the father pleased that his son wants to be a writer? 5. What is the father trying to tell his son by showing him the crabs? 6. My father started the motor and we set off back home. Is this an effective end? Why / Why not? 7. What is the genre of this article? Why do you think

　　Interpreting underlying meaning

　　1. In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. Why does the passage begin with a time expression? What does “our” indicate? “In the fall of our final year,” signal

　　Interpreting underlying meaning2. What sort of relationship do the father and son have?

　　First not good

　　The son: afraid of being criticized for his ideas about a career and expects resistance from his father The father: supports what his son wants and makes him think about it by catching crabs together.

　　Improved

　　3. I went home at Thanksgiving …Why does the writer change from we to I? the change of focus onto the writer as an individual

　　Description of life of final year students

　　Narrative about the individual

　　Interpreting underlying meaning4. Is the father pleased that his son wants to be a writer?

　　We’ve never had a writer in the family.

　　Interpreting underlying meaning5. What is the father trying to tell his son by showing him the crabs?not to be pulled back by others

　　find out more about yourself

　　Using narrative devices6. My father started the motor and we set off back home. Is this an effective end? Why / Why not? Not know what happens next but Clear implication Good conclusion: not to say it explicitly but leaves a lot of room for personal interpretation

　　The father will support the son’s idea of travel and of being a writer.

　　Writing from Reading7. What is the genre of this article? Why do you think so?Narration Argumentation Exposition

　　Narration

　　Using narrative devicesIt tells us a story about a university student discussing his career ideas with his father and how his father encourages him to follow his passion. A time expression: in the fall of our final year Dialogue: father and son In the first person Have a theme rather than a topic sentence To change between description, narration of events, and dialogue.

　　Narration

　　Semantic elements of NarrationWhat are the necessary semantic elements involved in a narration?Who ? What? When? Where? How? Why?

　　Characteristics of NarrationWhat are the characterisitics of a narrative essay?

　　tell a story(real or imaginary), have a theme rather than a topic sentence, include description, include dilogue(direct speech or indirect speech), use the specific details, be written in the first person or third person, follow a chronological order

　　ses,but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. And his lessons were not easily forgotten. Paul remembers one of his first lessons from this teacher. After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles. One was filled with petrol(汽 油), one with castor oil(蓖麻油)and one with vinegar (醋). “Now watch carefully,” said the teacher. He then filled a cup with some of the petrol,some of the castor oil and some of the vinegar. As the students watched him quietly,he mixed the three together. After that,he held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class. He then dipped it into the cup. After a few seconds he took his finger out. “Now watch,” he said. “Remember,you must YANG GUET 2011-10-4 doYANAN, everything as I do. ”

　　Sample

　　He put a finger in his mouth,tasted it and smiled,looking rather pleased. Then he handed the cup around the class of students. Each student dipped a finger into the mixture and sucked (吮 吸)it. Instead of smiling,each of them made a face. The mixture tasted terrible. When the cup was at last returned to the teacher, he said sadly,“I'm sorry,none of you watched carefully enough. Yes,I sucked a finger, but the finger I put into my mouth was not the one I had dipped into the cup.” It was Paul's first important lesson as a student of chemistry and he never forgot it.YANG YANAN, GUET

　　2011-10-4

　　Sample

　　全文重点突出，抓住化学课上老师让学 生尝试混合液体这一细节来详细叙述， 而不赘述化学课的其他环节。同时，通 过着重描写尝试混合液体的过程以及相 应的反应，特别是用直接引语客观表述 老师的说明，令人信服地塑造了一个让 人难以忘怀的教师形象。

　　YANG YANAN, GUET

　　2011-10-4

　　Home taskThink about a time when something significant changed in your life. This could be anything from a move across town to starting school or going on holiday. Then write an essay narrating an experience in less than 180 words. You can choose one of the following topics : The First Day of College A Trip to… An Unforgettable Birthday Party An Unforgettable Event / Experience2011-10-4

　　YANG YANAN, GUET

　　Difficult sentences (P.1-18)

　　1.The relaxed atmosphere of the preceding summer semester, the impromptu ball games, the boating on the Charles River, the late-night parties had disappeared…precede: vt. vi. (sth) happens before, or (sb) goes in front of others 在…之前发生或出现，先于； 在…之上， 优于 Go over the article in the preceding unit. Agricultural development must precede economic development.

　　形容词一般放在所修饰名词的前面。Adjectives generally precede the noun they modify.

　　译文： 刚刚过去的夏季学期的轻松氛围、即兴球赛、查 尔斯河上的泛舟以及深夜晚会都不见了踪影。

　　2. … and we all started to get our heads down

　　, studying late, and attendance at classes rose steeply again. (Para 1) 1. What does get our heads down mean? And translate the phrase into Chinese. To concentrate and focus on studying. bend one’s head over books 埋头苦读 sb. be buried in the books 2. What are the synonyms of steeply? dramatically, drastically, considerably, sharply significantly, substantially, enormously …3. Translate the sentence.

　　我们开始埋头学习，苦读到深夜，课堂出勤率再 次急剧上升。

　　3. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. (Para 1) Translation

　　我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那太丢 人了，因此同学间的竞争压力特别大。

　　More

　　4. Libraries which were once empty after five o’clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, …. standing room is space in a room or bus, where people can stand only when all the seats have been occupied.

　　Translation 以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了， 现在却要等到天快亮时才可落脚(意为：才会有 空座)…

　　5. …and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. what does wear the bags under one’s eyes mean?

　　wear the bags under one’s eyes : loose dark areas of skin that you get when you have not had enough sleep. When do you wear the bags under our eyes? Do you feel proud to have such bags? 眼 圈 have/wear dark rings around one’s eyes 儿 have/wear dark rings under one’s eyes 黑 了

　　5. …and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence.

　　Translation小伙子们都熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪， 却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。(意

　　为：小伙子们挂着眼袋，带着苍白的倦容，就好像挂了一 枚显示他们勤奋好学的奖章，很是自豪。)

　　6. It wasn’t always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they were going to do. (Para 2)What kind of people will be called high flyers? Those who are most ambitious, or who are successful in their studies or job. 志向远大的人，有远大抱负的人，有野心的人 What kind of student is called a high flyer in university? In university, a high flyer is a top student. Translation 并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清 楚自己将来要做什么。

　　7. Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out. have sth mapped out: map out something that you are intending to do, you work out in detail how you will do it 设计,计划,规划,安排,整个方案的 规划极为精细。 This whole project has been most carefully mapped out. Let's map out our vocation to Beijing. Do you know how to map out your time? 常常是那些平日里默默无

　　闻、表现平平的同学早已 为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。

　　8. One had landed a job in his brother’s advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood. If you land a job, will you feel happy? Yes, because I get a job that I want. land sth.: 搞到，捞到，弄到 If you have got sth. under a provisional acceptance, will you put your mind at rest? No. Provisional acceptance refers to an acceptance which is arranged (in principle), but is not yet definite. It is temporary and could be changed.

　　8. One had landed a job in his brother’s advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood.

　　Translation

　　一位同学已经在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司 得到了一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与 好莱坞草签了临时合约。

　　9. We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. (Para 2) end up in somewhere:以…告终，以…结束/终结 在翻译中，常常翻译成“早晚得，最终会, 到头来 ” If she continue to steal, she'll end up in prison. with、 in、 doing 是end up 的不同搭配 挥霍浪费者最后往往负债。 Wasteful people usually end up in debt. 我们开始时喝汤, 最后吃水果。 We started with soup, and ended up with fruit. 如果你不知道自己想要什么，到头来你可能得非所愿。 If you don't know what you want, you might end up getting something you don't want.

　　9. The most ambitious among us was going to work as a party activist at a local level. We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. (Para 2)

　　Translation

　　我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到地方上当一个 政党活动家，我们都预料他最终会当上参议员或国 会议员。

　　10. But most people were either looking to continue their studies, or to make a living with a white-collar job in a bank, local government, or anything which would pay them enough, and then settle down…

　　either…or…or…, and then…: 不是…就是…或…,然后…; 要么…要么… 要么…, 然后… look to continue their studies means to expect or hope to continue their studies

　　10. But most people were either looking to continue their studies, or to make a living with a white-collar job in a bank, local government, or anything which would pay them enough to have a comfortable time in their early twenties, and then settle down with a family, a mortgage and some hope of promotion. Translation 但大多数同学不是准备继续深造，就是想在银行、地 方政府或其他单位当个白领，希望在20出头的时候能 挣到足够多的薪水，过上舒适的生活，然后就娶妻生 子，贷款买房，期望升职，(过安稳日子)。

　　11. My father was a lawyer, and I had always assumed he wanted me to go to law school, and follow his path through life. (Pare.8) assume: vt. 1.假定,

　　猜想 take as true before there is proof 2.假装 pretend to be 3.承担 take up I assume that the misunderstanding will be cleared up. 我认定误会早晚会消除的。 You must also assume your share of the responsibility assumption: n.承担; 假定，假设; 想当然; 采取

　　11. My father was a lawyer, and I had always assumed he wanted me to go to law school, and follow his path through life. follow one’s path: = follow in one’s footsteps 步某人后尘

　　He decided to follow in the footsteps of all his brothers and join the family company.He will probably follow in his father’s footsteps.

　　父亲是一名律师，我一直都认为他想让我进法学院 深造，追随他的人生足迹。

　　12. This was not the answer I thought he would expect. Travel? Where? A writer? About what? I braced myself for some resistance to the idea. brace oneself for sth: prepare mentally or emotionally for something unpleasant or difficult 使做好准备 (面对不快的事或困难) = prepare for sth.

　　Translation我想这不是他所期待的答案。旅行？去哪儿旅行？当 作家？写什么呀？我做好了遭到他反对的心理准备。

　　13. It was a small motor boat, moored ten minutes away, and my father had owned it for years. Early next morning we set off along the estuary. moor: vt. vi.使停泊； 系住 I decided to moor near some tourist boats.moorage: n. ['m r d ]系泊，系泊处，系泊费 moorish: adj.沼地的，荒野的 estuary: n.(江河入海的)河口，河口湾, 港湾

　　13. It was a small motor boat, moored ten minutes away, and my father had owned it for years. Early next morning we set off along the estuary.Translation 那是一艘小小的机动船，停泊在离我们家约十分 钟路程的地方，父亲已经用了好几年了。次日清 晨，我们沿着港湾出发。

　　14. There was no surf on the coastal waters at that time of day, so it was a smooth half-hour ride until my father switched off the motor. “Let’s see if we get lucky,” he said, picked up a rusty, mesh basket with a rope attached and threw it into the sea. 猜单词： surf? 激浪;拍岸浪花 (surf the Internet) rusty? 生锈的 mesh? 网眼织物;网状物

　　14. There was no surf on the coastal waters at that time of day, so it was a smooth halfhour ride until my father switched off the motor. “Let’s see if we get lucky,” he said, picked up a rusty, mesh basket with a rope attached and threw it into the sea. Translation 在这个时候沿海水域没什么海浪，船平稳地行驶了 半个小时之后父亲关掉了马达。他说：“咱们在这 儿试试运气吧，”然后抓起一个系上绳子的生了锈 的网状篓子抛到海里。

　　15. The cage was brimming with dozens of soft shell crabs, piled high on top of each other. “Why don’t they try to escape?” I wondered aloud to my father. 装满，充满 Sth be brimming (over) with sth else 洋溢着 Sth brim (over) with sth

　　= be full of sth His eyes brimmed with tears. 他热泪盈眶。 她心中洋溢着幸福。 Her heart was brimming over with happiness.

　　15. The cage was brimming with dozens of soft shell crabs, piled high on top of each other. “Why don’t they try to escape?” I wondered aloud to my father. pile high on top of each other: If something is piled with things, it is covered or filled with piles of things. Tables were piled high with local products. 桌上高高堆放着当地的农产品。 Translation

　　篓子里挤满了几十只软壳螃蟹，一只压着一只，堆得 老高。 “它们为什么不逃走啊？”我满腹狐疑地问父 亲

　　16. And we watched. The crab climbed up the mesh towards the lid, and sure enough, just as it reached the top, one of its fellow crabs reached out, clamped its claw onto any available leg, and pulled it back. Several times the crab tried to defy his fellow captives, without luck.猜单词：sure enough, reach out, clamp, captive 不出所料，果然 伸出蟹钳 紧紧抓住，夹住，钳住，固定 俘虏，被监禁的人，指代被关在笼子里的螃蟹

　　16. And we watched. The crab climbed up the mesh towards the lid, and sure enough, just as it reached the top, one of its fellow crabs reached out, clamped its claw onto any available leg, and pulled it back. Several times the crab tried to defy his fellow captives, without luck. defy? vt.1) refuse to obey 违抗;反抗;不服从 2) challenge sb to do sth 挑战,认为…不敢(或 无法)(做) defiance: n.违抗(某人);无视，不顾(规定、法律等) in defiance of :不顾; 不管…,无视…

　　16. And we watched. The crab climbed up the mesh towards the lid, and sure enough, just as it reached the top, one of its fellow crabs reached out, clamped its claw onto any available leg, and pulled it back. Several times the crab tried to defy his fellow captives, without luck. Translation 我们接着观察。那只螃蟹顺着网眼向顶盖攀援， 每当它爬到 顶盖时，果然就会有另一只螃蟹举起 蟹钳夹住它的腿把它拽下来。这只螃蟹尝试了好 几次想挣脱它的狱中同伴，但都没能成功。

　　17. Look back at the classes you’re taking, and think about which ones were most productive for you personally. 猜单词： productive? useful, helpful, beneficial

　　Text

　　Translate

　　刚刚过去的夏季学期的轻松氛围、即兴球赛、查尔斯 河上的泛舟以及深夜晚会都不见了踪影，我们开始埋 头学习，苦读到深夜，课堂出勤率再次急剧上升。我 们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学 习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下 一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考 全班倒数第一，那太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争 压力特别大。以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无 一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座

　　,小伙子 们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很 自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。

　　并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清楚 自己将来要做什么，常常是那些平日里默默无闻的 同学早早为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。有 位同学在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司得到了 一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与好莱坞 草签了合约。我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到 地方上当一个政党活动家，我们都预料他最终会当 上参议员或国会议员。但大多数同学不是准备继续 深造，就是想在银行、地方政府或其他单位当个白 领，希望在 20 出头的时候能挣到足够多的薪水，过 上舒适的生活，然后就娶妻生子，贷款买房，期望 升职，过安稳日子。

　　Translate and Recite Para. 28我忽然明白了父亲为什么提议早上来抓螃蟹。他 看着我说：“你可别被别人拽下来哦。花点时间 去了解自己，弄清楚你一生追求什么。回顾一下 你在大学修的课程，想想有哪些课对你个人来说 最有益。然后再想想什么对你最重要，什么最使 你感兴趣，你有什么技能。琢磨一下你想在哪里 生活，你想去哪里，想挣多少钱，想做什么样的 工作。如果你现在不能回答这些问题，你就得花 点时间去找出答案。你不这样做的话，永远都不 会幸福的。”

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　Words to noteNew Words

　　Expressions

　　1. impressive2. ambitious 3. mortgage 4. criticize 5. surf 6. brim 7. defy 8. productive

　　1. at/in the back of one’s mind 2. brace sth. for 3. map out

　　4. figure out

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　impressiveadj. very good, large or showing great skill Complete the sentences with impressive or impressed.impressed by the efficiency of the staff. 1. I was very ___________ 2. There was something ___________ impressive about Julia’s quiet dignity. impressed 3. She looked suitably ____________ when I told her about my new jobs.

　　impressive ceremony. 4. It’s an ___________

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　ambitious adj. determined to be successful, rich, famous etc. Read the quotations and exchange your understandings. 1. Don’t bite off more than you can chew. It is often used to advise people against agreeing to more than they can handle. 2. Every French soldier carries a marshal’s (元帅) baton (指挥棒) in his knapsack (背包). (Napol on Bonaparte)

　　senate

　　n. (the Senate) the more senior part of the US Congress(美国)参议院 e.g. The Senate has voted to support the President's defense plans.参议院已经投票支持总统的防卫计划。

　　family: n.

　　Wordsenator参议员

　　congress

　　n. 1) (Congress) the group of people chosen or elected to make laws in the US 美国国会 e.g. Congress consists of two parts, the House of Representativ

　　es and the Senate.美国国会由两部分组成：众议院和参议院。

　　congress n.2) [C] a large meeting of members of a political group (政党的)大会；代表大会 e.g. This matter will be discussed in congress tomorrow. 这个问题将在明天的代表大会上讨论。 Congressman n. 国会议员(尤指众议员)

　　两会： the two sessions 人大： NPC (National People’s Congress) 政协： CPPCC (Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference) 全国政协十二届(全国委员会)四次会议： the Forth Session of the 12th National Committee of the CPPCC 政府工作报告: government work report

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　mortgage

　　n. a legal agreement in which you borrow money from a bank in order to buy a house Translate the phrases.1. 申请贷款2. 获得贷款 3. 发放抵押贷款

　　1. apply for a mortgage

　　2. get/obtain a mortgage3. issue a mortgage 4. pay back a mortgage 5. a mortgage on land

　　4. 归还抵押借款5. 土地抵押

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　criticize v. to say what you think is wrong or bad about sth.

　　Complete the sentences with the words in the column.critic critical criticism criticize critique

　　criticism 1. Plans for the new road have drawn fierce ___________ from local people. critical man. 2. His father was a very ___________ 3. She is a very discerning art ___________. critic critique of the Government’s policies. 4. The book presents a __________ criticized for not taking more 5. Social services were strongly ___________ action to protect children at risk.

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　surf n. the waves of the sea as they move onto a beach v. (1) to ride on waves in the sea (2) to look at various places one after another on the Internet or on television

　　Answer the questions. 1. How do we call a person who rides on waves in the sea? a surf rider/a surfer 2. What is used to ride on waves in the sea? a surf board 3. What do you think of surfing the Internet? It is usually seen as fun, dangerous, or a tremendous waste of time, depending on who you ask.

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　brim v. to be full of (~ with) 充溢，充满 n. the part of a hat that sticks out from the base, or the top edge of a cup or bowl 帽檐, (杯、碗的)边缘 Answer the questions. 1. If you fill the cup to the brim with wine, what will happen? The cup will brim over. 2. If you hear a sad story, how will you feel? I will be brimming over with sympathy/tears. 3. What does the proverb Better spare at brim than at bottom tell us?

　　Save early and avoid want later. 宁愿缸满时节约,不愿见底时俭省。(有余胜过不足)

　　defy

　　defy:vt. 1) refuse to obey 违抗;反抗;不服从 2) challenge sb to do sth 挑战,认为…不敢(或无法) (做) This was the first time that I dared to defy my mother. I defy anyone to disprove the defendant’s statements. 我倒要看看有没有人能对被告的陈述进行反驳 defiance: n.违抗(

　　某人);无视，不顾(规定、法律等) in defiance of :不顾; 不管…,无视… She acted in defiance of my orders. 她无视我的命令行动了。

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　productive adj. achieving good results Translate the sentences. 1. Our soil is fertile, our agriculture productive.我们这里土地肥沃、农产富饶。

　　2. Relations of production must conform to the level of productive forces.生产关系必须适合生产力。 3. 在她创作生涯中最多产的时期，她写了五本小说。

　　During the most productive time in her career, she wrote five novels. 4. 双方都认为，他们共事的经历是令人满意、富有成效的。 Both acknowledged that their working together had been a satisfying and productive experience.

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　at/in the back of one’s mindnot thinking about sth. directly now but knowing that it exists or is true Discuss the meaning of expressions. 1. You must be out of your mind to want to see him again. to be crazy 2. I’m in two minds about accepting the job. to have difficulty in making a decision 3. Er, let me think. Sorry, my mind's gone blank. to be unable to remember or think anything 4. The old lady can still see in her mind’s eye every piece of furniture in the house where she lived as a child. to imagine or remember what it looks like

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　brace oneself for sth.Answer the question.

　　If you brace oneself for sth. unpleasant, do you _____? (a) try not to think about it(b) prepare yourself for it mentally and physically Translate the sentences.

　　1. I braced myself for some resistance to my idea.我做好了遭到反对的心理准备。

　　2. 我认为对未来我们应该有一个明确的目标和详细的计划，为日后可能遇到的挑战做好充分的准备。

　　I think we should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace ourselves for any challenges.

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　map outAnswer the question: When you map out your future, do you ______? (a) plan it carefully (b) draw a sketch of it on paper Translate the sentences.

　　1. Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out. 常常是那些平日里默默无闻、表现平平的同学早早为自己下几 个阶段的人生做好了规划。2. 对于是否应该在大学期间详细规划自己的未来，学生们意见不一。

　　Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university.

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　figure outto be able to understand sth. or solve a problem Listen to the recording and write down the sentences. 1. I can’t figure out the rules of football. 2. I can’t figure out how to break the news to them. 3. I can’t figure out what color to paint the house. Figure out how to dress for interview success. Conservative two-piece business suit, conservative longsleeved shirt/blouse c

　　lean, polished conservative shoes Well-groomed hairstyle Clean, trimmed fingernails Minimal cologne (古龙水) or perfume Empty pockets no bulges or tinkling coins no visible body piercing (eg: nose rings) or tatoos (纹身)

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　Language in useUseful expressions

　　It is/was not just that… but…

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　1.课堂出勤率

　　Useful expressions1. attendance at classes2. peer group pressure

　　2.同学们之间的竞争压力

　　3.谁都不想 那也太丢人 3. No one wanted the humiliation of 了 4. wear the bags under one’s eyes 4.熬夜熬出了眼袋 5.脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪 6.在某人的心里 7.心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的 高材生 8.为自己下几个阶段的人 生做好了规划

　　5. pale, sleepy faces 6. at the back of one’s mind 7. the high flyers with the top grades 8. have the next stages of one’s life mapped outMore

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　Useful expressions9. follow sb’s path through life10. brace oneself for some resistance to 11. go into a career which pays well just at the moment 12. no surf on the coastal waters 13. brim with 14. be pulled back escape

　　9.追随 的人生足迹10.做好了遭到反对的心

　　理准备11.加入一个暂时报

　　酬高的行业12.沿海水域没什么风浪 13.挤满了 14.被 拽下来

　　15.放弃了漫长的逃亡之战 15. give up one’s lengthy struggle to

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　It is/was not just that… but…Look at the sentence.Not only did they crawl into such an obvious trap, it also seemed as if they couldn’t be bothered to crawl out again.

　　It wasn’t just that

　　but

　　It wasn’t just that ________________ they crawled into such an obvious trap, _______but it seemed as if they couldn’t be bothered to crawl out again.More

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　It is/was not just that…but…Rewrite the sentences using It is / was not just that … but …1. Not only was the Grim Reaper intended to frighten people, it was also often a figure of fun. It wasn’t just that the Grim Reaper was intended to frighten people, but it was often a figure of fun. 2. Not only did she spend all her time at college going to parties, she also took the time to gain a first-class degree.

　　It wasn’t just that she spent all her time at college going to parties, but she took the time to gain a first-class degree.

　　More

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　It is/was not just that…but…Translate the sentences using It is/was not just that…but…1. 感恩节那天，不仅仅是商店关了门，而且街上一个人也没有。 It wasn’t just that the shops were all closed for Thanksgiving, but there was no one in the streets.

　　2.对他所说的话，他们不仅不听，而且根本就不感兴趣。It wasn’t just that they weren’t listening to what he said, but it seemed as if they weren’t at all interested. 3. 我不仅难过，而且觉得自己就

　　要哭了。 It wasn’t just that I was upset, but I felt as if I was going to burst out crying.

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　Information relatedSayings Ambition Choosing a career 6 Job Hunting Myths Debunked

　　Active reading 1: Resources

　　Learn them by heart.

　　Sayings

　　1. Until all is over one’s ambition never dies.不到黄河心不死。/不达目的不罢休。

　　2. Ambition can creep as well soar.胸有大志者能屈能伸。

　　3. Nothing is difficult to a man whom ambition fires.对于雄心万丈的人来说，世上没有难成的事。4. To do one thing well is a worthy ambition.

　　把一件事做好，这就是一个有价值的雄心。 5. Strength alone knows conflict, weakness is below even defeat,

　　and is born vanquished.只有强者才懂得斗争；弱者甚至失败都不够资格，而是生来就是 被征服的。