教师资格考试中学英语知识点讲解十二

　　中小学教师职业道德规范教师资格证报名条件 【词条1】compare

　　【点拨】compare意为比较。常见搭配为:compare ... with ...意为把和比较；compared with / to ...意为和比起来,在句中常用作状语。如:

　　If you compare the two books, you will see that this one is better.

　　Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right.

　　Compared with / to those children in remote areas, you are indeed fortunate.

　　【拓展】compare还可意为比喻,比拟,常与介词to搭配。如:

　　Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.

　　Teachers are often compared to gardeners while students flowers.

　　【词条2】differ

　　【点拨】differ意为有区别,不同。如:

　　What surprises us is that the twins differ greatly in interests.

　　Japanese differs greatly from French in pronunciation.

　　注意differ与介词的搭配:differ from与有区别；differ in在某方面不同；differ with sb. about / on / over sth. 对某事与某人持不同的看法。如:

　　The speed of a train differs greatly from that of an airplane.

　　The two brothers are like each other in appearance but differ widely in their tastes.

　　As we know, they differ with you on this subject.

　　【拓展】difference n. 不同；差异；different adj. 不同的；有差异的；differently adv.不同地。如:

　　There are many differences between the customs of the two countries.

　　You look different from before with the new hair cut.

　　I think Miss Smith treats Mary differently from me.

　　【词条3】remark

　　【点拨】remark意为评论；发表的看法,常用于短语:make a remake 评论。如:

　　People are encouraged to speak openly, but careless remarks are likely to hurt othersfeelings. They kept making remarks about our suggestions.

　　【拓展】remark还可用作动词,意为评论,常见用法:remark + that 从句；remark on / upon 就发表意见。如:

　　He remarked that it was time to carry out the plan.

　　During his speech, he remarked on / upon the changes of his hometown.

　　经典短语透视

　　【短语1】lead to

　　【点拨】lead to意为导致,其中to为介词,后跟名词或动名词作宾语。如:

　　There is no doubt that the increase in demand leads to the rise in price.

　　Its sleeping late in the morning that leads to his being late for work.

　　【拓展】

　　1. lead to还可意为通向。如:

　　All roads lead to Rome.

　　2. 短语give rise to, result in, contribute to也可意为导致,引起。如:

　　The jump in food price gives rise to a lot of complaint.

　　His angry words resulted in a fight.

　　Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer.

　　【短语2】refer to...as

　　【点拨】refer to ... as ...意为称为。如:

　　She is always ready to help others so we all refer to her as our elder sister.

　　【拓展】refer to还可意为指的是；提及,涉及；适用于；查阅,参考。如:

　　What he said at the meeting didnt refer to you.

　　In his speech he referred to the difficulties they had overcome.

　　Dont always refer to a dictionary when you encounter a new word.

　　热点语法聚焦

　　由于一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时四种时态的基本用法同学们已经非常熟悉,本单元我们将主要讲解各时态的一些特殊用法。

　　一、一般现在时

　　1. 在表示时间、条件的状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来的概念。如:

　　As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when you will come and see him.

　　If they are kept for too long, some medicines will lose their effectiveness.

　　2. 一些转移动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等的一般现在时表将来,用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。如:

　　The yearly meeting starts 10 oclock next Friday.

　　My plane leaves at 8:30 tomorrow morning.

　　二、现在进行时

　　1. come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay, die, stop, start, finish, approach等非延续性动词的现在进行时表示近期按计划或安排将要发生的动作。如:

　　The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house.

　　Are you staying here till next week？

　　2. 现在进行时与always, constantly, forever等连用,表示意想不到或使人烦恼的事情。如:

　　She is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay back.

　　3. 在表示时间、条件的状语从句中,用现在进行时表示将来进行时。如:

　　Be careful when you are crossing the street.

　　If Tom is doing his homework when you come back, dont disturb him.

　　三、现在完成时

　　在时间和条件状语从句中,用现在完成时代替将来完成时。如:

　　Ill phone you after I have talked about this matter with my parents.

　　Well go to the cinema if we have finished our essay by that time.

　　现在完成时经常与for ...,since ...,till(until), now, up to the present (now),so far, in the past (last) ...,already, yet, recently, lately, ever, never这些状语连用。

　　四、一般将来时

　　1.will / shall +动词原形与be going to +动词原形的区别:

　　will / shall +动词原形表示单纯的将来或在说话时临时决定要去做某事。如:

　　There will be a lecture at the Childrens Palace at seven this evening.

　　be going to +动词原形通常表示打算在近期或将来要做某事,但也可以表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为非常可能即将发生某事。如:

　　She has bought a length of cloth； she is going to make herself a dress.

　　Look at these black clouds？It is going to rain.

　　2. be to + 动词原形表示按计划、安排或打算将要发生的动作。如:

　　We are to produce 100,000 computers next year to meet the market demand.

　　但是,如果不是人所能安排的动作,就不能用be to do句型表示将要发生。如:

　　I think I am to faint. ( )

　　I think I am going to faint. ( )

　　3. 用be about to + 动词原形表示即将；正要；马上就要。如:

　　Lets go in. The class is about to begin.