Praxis写作

美国汉语教师资格证考试,写作部分的写作题目总结

ComputerizedPre-ProfessionalSkillsTest:Writing(5720)

Aboutthistest

TheComputerizedPre-ProfessionalSkillsTestinWritingassessestheabilitytousegrammarandlanguageappropriatelyandtheabilitytocommunicateeffectivelyinwriting;theseabilitiesareessentialtoawell-educatedadultinaprofessionalrole.TheWritingtestis68minutesinlengthandhastwoseparatelytimedsections:a38-minutemultiple-choicesectioncontaining44multiple-choicequestionsontheuseofstandardEnglishanda30-minuteessaysectionthatrequiresawritingsamplebasedonanessaytopic.

Themultiple-choicesectionisdesignedtomeasureanexaminee’sabilitytousestandardwrittenEnglishcorrectlyand

effectively.Thissectionisdividedintotwoparts:usageandsentencecorrection.Intheusagequestions,examineesareaskedtorecognizeerrorsinmechanics,instructuralandgrammaticalrelationships,andinidiomaticexpressionsorwordchoiceandtheyarealsoaskedtoidentifysentencesthathavenoerrorandthatmeettheconventionsofstandardwrittenEnglish.Thesentencecorrectionquestionsrequireexamineestoselect,fromamongthechoicespresented,thebestwaytorestateacertainphraseorsentencebyusingstandardwrittenEnglish;insomecases,thephraseorsentenceiscorrectandmosteffectiveasstated.Examineesarenotrequiredtohaveaknowledgeofformalgrammaticalterminology.

Theessaysectionassessesanexaminee’sabilitytowriteeffectivelyinalimitedperiodoftime.Theessaytopicinvitesexamineestodrawfrompersonalexperience,observation,orreadingtosupportapositionwithspecificreasonsandexamples.

Thistestmaycontainsomequestionsthatwillnotcounttowardyourscore.

Copyright©2011byEducationalTestingService.Allrightsreserved.ETS,theETSlogo,LISTENING.LEARNING.LEADING.,PRAXISI,PRAXISII,andPRAXISIIIareregisteredtrademarksofEducationalTestingService(ETS)intheUnitedStatesandothercountries.PRAXISandTHEPRAXISSERIESaretrademarksofETS.8601

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美国汉语教师资格证考试,写作部分的写作题目总结

ComputerizedPre-ProfessionalSkillsTest:Writing(5720)

Thetopicsattempttopresentsituationsthatarefamiliartoalleducatedpeople;notopicwillrequireanyspecializedknowledgeotherthananunderstandingofhowtowriteeffectivelyinEnglish.

Examineesshouldwriteonlyonthetopicassigned,addressallthepointspresentedinthetopic,andsupportgeneralizationswithspecificexamples.Beforebeginningtowrite,examineesshouldreadthetopicandorganizetheirthoughtscarefully.

Experiencedteachersreadandevaluateeachessayholistically(thatis,withasinglescoreforoverallquality)undercarefullycontrolledconditionsdesignedtoensurefairandreliablescoring.Acknowledgingthatwritingcomprisesanumberoffeaturesthatarenotindependentofoneanother,scorersbasetheirjudgmentsonanassessmentofsuchfeaturesasqualityofinsightorcentralidea,clarity,

consistencyofpointofview,cohesiveness,strengthandlogicofsupportinginformation,rhetoricalforce,

appropriatenessofdictionandsyntax,andcorrectnessofmechanicsandusage.

II.StructuralRelationships?IdentifyErrorsin––––––

ComparisonCoordinationCorrelationNegationParallelismSubordination

III.WordChoiceandMechanics

?IdentifyErrorsin–WordChoice

–Idiomaticexpressions

–Commonlyconfusedwords–Wrongworduse–Redundancy–Mechanics–Capitalization–Punctuation–Commas–Semicolons–Apostrophes

?IdentifysentencesfreefromerrorIV.Essay

?Writeanessaythatisappropriatefortheassignedtaskandforanaudienceofeducatedadults?Organizeanddevelopideaslogically,makingclearconnectionsbetweenthem?Provideandsustainaclearfocusorthesis?Usesupportingreasons,examples,anddetailstodevelopclearlyandlogicallytheideaspresentedintheessay?Demonstratefacilityintheuseoflanguageandtheabilitytouseavarietyofsentencestructures?ConstructeffectivesentencesthataregenerallyfreeoferrorsinstandardwrittenEnglish

TopicsCovered

Representativedescriptionsoftopicscoveredineachcategoryareprovidedbelow.

*Inthemultiple-choicesection,somequestionswillnotcontainanerror;suchquestionsareconsideredNoErrorquestions.AlloftheNoErrorquestionswillbereportedinCategoryIII.*

I.GrammaticalRelationships?IdentifyErrorsin–Adjectives–Adverbs–Nouns–Agreement–Pronouns–Agreement–Properuse–Verbs–Agreement–Form–Tense

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Copyright©2011byEducationalTestingService.Allrightsreserved.ETS,theETSlogo,LISTENING.LEARNING.LEADING.,PRAXISI,PRAXISII,andPRAXISIIIareregisteredtrademarksofEducationalTestingService(ETS)intheUnitedStatesandothercountries.PRAXISandTHEPRAXISSERIESaretrademarksofETS.8601

美国汉语教师资格证考试,写作部分的写作题目总结

ComputerizedPre-ProfessionalSkillsTest:Writing(5720)

SampleTestQuestions

Thesamplequestionsthatfollowillustratethetypesof

multiple-choicequestionsinthetest.Theyarenot,however,representativeoftheentirescopeofthetestineithercontentordifficulty.Answerswithexplanationsfollowthequestions.ThereareadditionalsamplequestionsfoundinthePre-ProfessionalSkillsTest:Writing(0720)TestataGlance.

Directions:Ineachofthesentencesthatfollow,fourportionsareunderlined.Readeachsentenceanddecidewhetheranyoftheunderlinedpartscontainsagrammaticalconstruction,aworduse,oraninstanceofincorrectoromittedpunctuationorcapitalizationthatwouldbeinappropriateincarefullywrittenEnglish.Ifso,highlighttheunderlinedportionthatcontainstheerror.Tohighlightananswerchoice,clickonanypartoftheunderlinedportionyouwishtohighlight.To

changeyourhighlight,clickonadifferentunderlinedportionofthesentence.

Iftherearenoerrorsintheunderlinedportion,clickon“NoError.”Nosentencehasmorethanoneerror.

PartA:Usage

(Suggestedtime–13minutes)

1.Onthecomputerscreenyouwillseethefollowing:

Remember,trytoanswereveryquestion.

Theerrorinthissentenceoccursinthethirdunderlined

choice.Thephrase“annuallyeachyear”isredundant,since“annually”and“eachyear”conveythesameinformation.Thesentencewouldbecorrectwitheither“annually”or“eachyear”appearinginthethirdunderlinedchoice.Theerrorisoneofdiction,orwordchoice.

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Copyright©2011byEducationalTestingService.Allrightsreserved.ETS,theETSlogo,LISTENING.LEARNING.LEADING.,PRAXISI,PRAXISII,andPRAXISIIIareregisteredtrademarksofEducationalTestingService(ETS)intheUnitedStatesandothercountries.PRAXISandTHEPRAXISSERIESaretrademarksofETS.8601

美国汉语教师资格证考试,写作部分的写作题目总结

ComputerizedPre-ProfessionalSkillsTest:Writing(5720)

2.Onthecomputerscreenyouwillseethefollowing:

Theerrorinthissentenceoccursinthefourthunderlined

choice.Thepronoun“it”isincorrectlyusedtorefertotwo

nouns,“country”and“time.”Thepronounrequiredhereis

theplural“them.”

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Copyright©2011byEducationalTestingService.Allrightsreserved.ETS,theETSlogo,LISTENING.LEARNING.LEADING.,PRAXISI,PRAXISII,andPRAXISIIIareregisteredtrademarksofEducationalTestingService(ETS)intheUnitedStatesandothercountries.PRAXISandTHEPRAXISSERIESaretrademarksofETS.8601

美国汉语教师资格证考试,写作部分的写作题目总结

ComputerizedPre-ProfessionalSkillsTest:Writing(5720)

3.Onthecomputerscreenyouwillseethefollowing:

Theerroroccursinthefirstunderlinedchoice.Inthe

phrase“thosewhowin,”thepronoun“those”indicates

thepeoplewhowinprizes.Butthemagazinewillnotprint

thepeoplewhowin;itwillprintwhatthewinnershave

written,orthesubmissionsofthosewhowinprizes.

Theerrorinthisquestionistheillogicaluseofapronoun.

Notethatinthesecondunderlinedchoiceyouare

requiredtodeterminewhetherapunctuationmark—

theunderlinedsemicolon—iscorrectorincorrect.In

thisinstance,thesemicolonisusedcorrectly.

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Copyright©2011byEducationalTestingService.Allrightsreserved.ETS,theETSlogo,LISTENING.LEARNING.LEADING.,PRAXISI,PRAXISII,andPRAXISIIIareregisteredtrademarksofEducationalTestingService(ETS)intheUnitedStatesandothercountries.PRAXISandTHEPRAXISSERIESaretrademarksofETS.8601