01_程秋美_南京工业大学

智能手机文档翻译

Smartphone Use Appears to Change How Brains

and Thumbs Interact

智能手机的使用可能会改变用户大脑和拇指互动 Tapping a handheld device for emails and texts may lead to

alterations in neurological activity

By Jim Drury 手机查看邮件和信息可能会导致神经活动的改变 ——吉姆?德鲁里 Typing text messages, scrolling web pages, and checking your email on your Smartphone could be changing the way your thumbs and brain interacts, new research hints.

一项新的研究调查显示，用智能手机发短信、浏览网页、查看邮箱可能会改变大脑与拇指之间的互动方式。

Dr. Arko Ghosh, a professor at the University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland, led the research which involved using electroencephalography (EEG) to measure the cortical brain activity in 37 right-handed people, 26 of whom were touch screen Smartphone users and 11 users of old-fashioned cell phones.

阿尔克?高什博士是一名任职于苏黎世大学和瑞士联邦理工学院的教授。在该项调查中，他用脑电图来测量37个右撇子的脑皮质活动，其中26人使用触屏智能手机，11人使用老式手机。

A total of 62 electrodes were placed on an EEG cap worn by subjects to record how the brain processed touch from their thumb, forefinger and middle finger. Brain activity was then compared with the individual commands recorded by each individual’s phone logs.

智能手机文档翻译

脑电图描记器的帽子上总共安装了62个电极，这些电极用于记录大脑如何处理拇指、食指和中指的触觉。然后根据用户手机日志记录的用户指令来与大脑活动进行比较。

"We measured people's brain activity using a bunch of electrodes on the scalp and what these maps indicate is essentially how much of the variance between people we could explain by just looking at the phone logs, so how much brain activity can be explained by looking at people's history of use on the phones alone." Ghosh explained.

高什博士解释道：“我们在人脑头皮上施加一群电极，用来测量人类的大脑活动。这些脑电图从本质上显示了人与人之间的差异，我们可以通过查看手机日志得以验证。因此，通过查看用户手机的历史记录，我们也能解释相应的大脑活动。”

Pointing at brain scans on his computer he added: "For instance these red spots here indicate when you measure the signals of these electrodes a lot of the differences between one person and the next can be explained simply by how much phone they were using in the previous 10 days."

高什博士指着电脑上的脑部扫描图说道：“例如，这些红点表明当你用电极信号进行测量时，不同人之间的差异就显而易见，这些差异可以通过他们近十年使用的手机记录来体现”。

Electrical activity in the brains of Smartphone users was shown to be enhanced when all three fingertips were touched, the researchers report in a paper online now in Current Biology.

《当代生物学》的一项网上研究调查显示，当我们用三个手指同时触碰手机屏幕时，智能手机用户的大脑活动明显变得活跃。

智能手机文档翻译

According to research student Magali Chytiris, activity in the cortex of the brain associated with the thumb and index fingertips was directly proportional to the intensity of phone use, as quantified by built-in battery logs.

根据研究生马家利?克里提斯的调查，电池日志测量得到的手机使用情况与大脑皮层活动成正比，而该大脑皮层活动则是与拇指和食指指尖相关。

"This activity is related to the amount of use from the past days of phone use," said Chytiris. "So we used the logs, the battery logs, from the phone and we found that if the EEG recording was just after the peak of high intensive use then the brain activity was higher."

克里提斯说，“该项活动与用户以前使用手机的次数紧密相关。通过手机日志和电池日志，我们不难发现过度使用手机后脑电图曲线飙升，随之大脑活动也会异常频繁”。

Ghosh said the results suggest that repetitive movements over the touch screen surface reshape sensory processing from the hand, with daily updates in the brain's representation of the fingertips. He believes that cortical sensory processing in the contemporary brain is continuously shaped by personal digital technology.

高什认为，由于大脑的日常更新，这些结果表明了触屏上的重复动作会重塑人们手上的感觉处理器。此外他还认为，随着人们个人数字信息的改变，大脑皮层的感觉处理器也在不断发生变化。

"Most superficially what we found was that Smartphone users have a brain that processes touch differently than people who don't use smart screen touch phones," said Ghosh. "However, if you dig a bit deeper into the data what you essentially see is that the most recent usage that people accumulated on their Smartphone’s that reflected on the way that brains processed information from their fingertips. So essentially these day-to-day

智能手机文档翻译

fluctuations that we encounter through our daily lives they imprint on the brain on the way that it processes information from your hands."

高什说，“比起不使用触屏智能机的人而言，智能手机用户的大脑显然能处理不同类型的触觉。然而，如果你进行深度的数据挖掘，你就会发现大多数手机近期使用情况会影响大脑处理指尖信息的方式。日常生活中我们遭遇的各种情况是如此重要，大脑能通过手来处理信息并将这些信息存储在大脑之中。”

Ghosh thinks Smartphone use is an ideal way to explore the everyday plasticity of the human brain. "It gives us a very good excuse to go back and look into the phone logs in greater detail to understand how our digital histories could be used to understand brain function and develop real world solutions by studying the real world example of brain plasticity," he said.

高什认为智能机的使用是探索大脑可塑性的一种理想方式，这给了我们一个很好的理由去回头详细查看手机日志。这些数字信息有助于我们理解大脑功能，并且我们还能通过学习现实中大脑可塑性的例子来开发相应的解决方案。