云南农业大学研一专硕英语英语听力B卷附答案

　　Part I. Blank Filling (30%, 2 points each) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words you hear from the recording which will be read three times. Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January 1942, the 300th anniversary of Galileo’s death. He has come to be thought as the greatest mind in physics since Albert Einstein. With similar interests-discovering the deepest workings of the universe-he has been able to communicate not just to other physics but to the general public. Hawking grew up outside London in an intellectual family. He was an but knew from early on that he wanted to study science. He became increasingly skilled in mathematics and in 1958 he and some friends built a computer that actually worked. In 1959 he won a scholarship to Oxford University, where his intellectual capacities became more noticeable. After three years he got his degree in Natural Science with honors and went to Cambridge University to pursue a PhD in . There he became with black holes and “space-time ”, or events in which the laws of physics seem to break down. After receiving his PhD, he stayed at Cambridge, becoming known even in his 20s for his pioneering ideas and use of Einstein’s formulas, as well as his questioning of older, established physics. In 1968 he joined the staff of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge and began to apply the laws of to black holes by means of very complicated mathematics. He made a startling discovery. It had always been thought that nothing could escape a black hole; Hawking suggested that under certain conditions, a black hole could emit particles. That is now known as Hawking Radiation. He continued working on the theory of the origin of the universe, and in doing so found ways to link relatively with mechanics. This contributed enormously to what physicists call , a way of explaining, in one , all physical matter in the universe. At the remarkably young age of 32, he was named a fellow of the Royal society. He received the Albert Einstein Award，the most in theoretical physics. And in 1979, he was appointed Lucasian Professor of 第1页（共 3 页）

　　Mathematics at Cambridge, the same post held by Sir Isaac Newton 300 years earlier. There he began to question the big bang theory, which by then most had accepted. Perhaps, he suggested, there was never a start and would be no end, but just change-a constant transition of one “universe” giving way to another through in space-time.

　　In 1988 Hawking wrote A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes, explaining the evolution of his thinking about the cosmos for a general audience. It became a best-seller of long standing and established his reputation as an accessible genius. He wrote other popular articles and appeared in movies and television. He remains extremely busy, his work hardly slowed by disease，a disease that affects muscle control. He uses a wheelchair and speaks through a computer and voice .

　　In his words, “My goal is simple. It is complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all.”

　　Part II. True or false (15%, 3 points each)

　　Directions: Listen to the passage three times and decide whether the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false, please correct it on the following line. The answers should be written on the Answer Sheet.

　　1. Credit Cards issued by banks allow the store to make purchases at more establishments.

　　( ).___________________________________________________________________________

　　2. Both types of credit cards charge their users for the paid balance.

　　( ) ___________________________________________________________________________

　　3. Debit card users can make a purchase on credit.

　　( )___________________________________________________________________________

　　4. Compared with users of credit cards, debit card users are more likely to get into debt.

　　( ) ___________________________________________________________________________

　　5. Many American college students cannot pay back until after graduation because college loans charge a high

　　interest.

　　( )___________________________________________________________________

　　Part III Question answering（30%, 3 points each ）

　　Directions: Listen to the passage three times and answer the following questions. Please write down the answer on

　　the Answer Sheet

　　Passage 1 Why College?

　　1. What does it mean by “education pays off”?

　　___________________________________________________________________________

　　2. To be well-rounded, what other courses can students take in addition to the courses in their major field of study? ___________________________________________________________________________

　　3. How many American college students are now over the age of 50?

　　___________________________________________________________________________

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　　4. Why do so many adults return to school?

　　___________________________________________________________________________

　　5. What kind of classes do undergraduate schools offer to those who are not academically prepared to handle

　　college-level work?

　　___________________________________________________________________________

　　Passage 2

　　1. What are the three types of graduate degrees offered in American universities?

　　___________________________________________________________________________

　　2. Which master’s degree emphasized more on original research?

　　___________________________________________________________________________

　　3. Which master’s degree emphasized more on application of knowledge?

　　___________________________________________________________________________

　　4. Why are most professional master’s degree known as “terminal” degree?

　　___________________________________________________________________________

　　5. With whom should students check to make sure they meet the requirements of their program?

　　_________________________________________________________________

　　Part IV. Dictation. (25%, 2.5 points each)

　　Directions: Listen to a passage for three times and write down each word you hear on the Answer Sheet.

　　This is the VOA Special English Health Report. Last week, the United States government announced a major education and research disease has no cure. The plan includes more efforts to develop drugs to prevent it.

　　In the United States, more than five million people have Alzheimer's or some other form of dementia. As the population gets older, the number is expected to reach almost eight million by twenty-thirty. By then, experts say Alzheimer's and other dementia disorders could affect as many as sixty-six million people worldwide.

　　The national Alzheimer's plan calls on scientists to to prevent the disease by twenty twenty-five. Officials at the National Institutes of Health have promised fifty million dollars to help support that effort. NIH held a conference of the nation's top Alzheimer's researchers where NIH Director Francis Collins discussed the plan.

　　FRANCIS COLLINS: We have learned more about this disease in the last couple of years than probably ever before. And now the goal is to take that and translate it into Early next year, scientists at the Banner Alzheimer's Institute in Arizona plan to of an experimental drug. The drug is called crenezumab, and the hope is it will prevent Alzheimer's. The study will involve members of a large living in villages in the Medellin area in Colombia. Some of the family members have a that causes them to get early-onset Alzheimer's. They begin to show signs of Three hundred people have agreed to be in the study. One-third of them will receive crenezumab. The others will be given a placebo, a pill that does not contain any drug. They will not know if they have been given the drug or the placebo. The study will also include a informed that the drug might not work or that they might receive a placebo. Mr. Tariot says the people still wanted to be in the study. 'There are many rivers to cross but at least we're at the first bank.' And that's kind of the attitude that people have had.

　　Scientists hope that if the drug works in those facing early-onset Alzheimer's, then it might also help older people. The study in Colombia could take as long as five years, but researchers believe they could get results in two years.

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　　Part I. Blank filling （30%, 2 points each ） 3. 4. 7. 8. 10. 11. 12. 14. 15. Part II. True or false (15%, 3 points for each) 1. ( ) __________________________________________________________________ 2. ( ) __________________________________________________________________ 3. ( ) __________________________________________________________________ 4. ( ) __________________________________________________________________ 5. ( ) __________________________________________________________________ Part III Question answering （30%, 3 points each ） Passage 1 （15％） 1. ____________________________________________________________________________. 2. ____________________________________________________________________________. 第1页（共 2 页）

　　3. ____________________________________________________________________________

　　4. ____________________________________________________________________________

　　5. ____________________________________________________________________________

　　Passage 2 （15％）

　　1. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　2. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　3. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　4. ____________________________________________________________________________

　　5. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　Part IV. VOA English. (25%, 2.5 points each)

　　1. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　2. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　3. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　4. ____________________________________________________________________________

　　5. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　6. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　7. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　8. ____________________________________________________________________________.

　　9. ____________________________________________________________________________

　　10. ____________________________________________________________________________.

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