仓库管理系统万文翻译

3. The Application of RFID Technology in Warehouse Management

3.1. The advantages of RFID technology compare with the traditional Bar Code

Compare with bar code, RFID electronic label has several advantages as following:

First, Quick Scan: Bar code scans one bar-code each time, RFID identifier can scan several RFID labels at the same time. Second, Volume Miniaturization and Figure Diversification: The accuracy of RFID access does not require fixed paper size and quality of printing, it is not limited by measures and figures. Moreover, RFID label could head for volume miniaturization and figure diversification to apply to different production. Third, Anti-pollution and Durability: Traditional bar code is made from paper which is easily polluted. However, RFID has a strong resistance of water, oil and chemistry medicine, etc. Besides, as the bar code is always attached on the plastic bag or outer packing of cardboard boxes, it is easily damaged, RFID label stores the data in the chip, so it is anti-pollution. Forth, Replication Using of RFID Label: The bar code today can hardly changes the information after printing, RFID label could add, amend and delete the data in the label repetitively, which convenient the renew of the information. Fifth, Penetrability and Exposed Reading: RFID could penetrates communication despite paper, wood, plastic and other non metal or non transparent materials. Bar code scanner could read the data only in a near range and without other materials block. Sixth, Large Data Memory: The volume of one-dimensional bar code is 50Bytes while two-dimensional bar code has 2-3000 Bytes. RFID has several MegaBytes volume maximum. With the development of memory carriers, data volume is on the trend of expansion. In future, the introduction could carry more and more data, thus the label need to expand its volume. Seventh, Security: RFID carries electronic information whose data guided by the passing number and thus the content is not easy to imitate or revised[3].

3.2. Object and Task of RFID Technique in Warehouse Management

(1) Management Object

Traditional warehouse management depends on non automatic system which is based on recorded paper document to pursuing the import and export goods, completely performed by personnel. So the depot management rate is very low and the scale of the warehouse is very small.

Warehouse management system based on RFID refers to the system which imported the RFID technique. It exquisites the data automatically on the chains of receiving inspection, warehousing, cargo delivery, allocation, cargo shift, inventory check and other operation process to ensure the accuracy and speed of the input data. Thus the enterprise could master the real storage data at the first time, which could help them reasonably keep and control the storage. The mainly management objects which apply to RFID technique in enterprise warehouse are:

1) Warehouse Goods: It is the direct object in warehouse management. It is classified into three forms: stock, box body and bulk pack. At present RFID does not apply to single small goods management, so it is used in whole box or whole stock (including single large goods) management.

2) Inventory Location: It refers to the district used to place warehouse goods and doesn’t overlapping in room. Usually, one inventory location could place several warehouse goods or a large one warehouse good occupies several locations.

3) Warehouse Management Device: It refers to the devices used in warehouse management, e.g. fork lift truck and hand truck, etc. These devices should be proper dispatched in time and location so as to improve the utilization ratio in large and busy warehouse.(2) Management Task

1) Each inventory location has an electronic label which called inventory label. During the operation of warehouse management, determine the operation location according the number of the label.

2) The warehousing goods, for management, each of them has an electronic label which called goods label. The goods has goods label should be whole stock?boxor large goods which easy to labeling. During the warehouse operation, reading the number of the label to check the operation goods. On the purpose to save the operation cost, goods label should designed to be the label which could be makes a full use and could be pick off for replication use at warehousing location.

3) Set up wireless LAN which covered the whole shipping department to translate the operation data immediately. Install the fixed wireless date termination on the fork lift truck, and hand held wireless date termination for each manual operation staff. The wireless date termination can receive the operation order, confirm the operation location and feedback the operation situation. 4) Use AGV (Automatic Guided Vehicle) as the platform to install the RFID scanner, controlling device and radio communication equipment. The AGV truck which installed the scanner could check the warehouse automatically in the appointed time every day and conduct the result to the system management center.

3.3. Framework of RFID in WMS

Warehouse Management System adopts the framework with three layers, described as follows [4]?The first layer is Capture, that is, capture data mainly through RFID equipment and other automatic discrimination equipment, including labels of storage location, labels of consignment, wireless data terminal, AVG vehicle, etc.

The second layer is Movement, that is, transfer the captured data to the central data warehouse through wireless communication technology, including wireless access equipment and some relevant network equipment. The third layer is Management, that is, analyze and manage the captured data, including the server of some equipment, such as database, network, etc. together with some systematic software of warehouse management.

The integrated layers of RFID in Warehouse Management System are described as Chart-2. 1065

3.4. Composition of WMS Based on the RFID Technology The Warehouse Management System is mainly composed by three main parts?

(1)Basic Management Subsystem: it takes charge of centralized management and maintenance of database of WMS, the establishment of stock plan and ex-warehouse plan and carry-out of orders, together with make out various management report forms.

(2)Warehouse Location Management Subsystem: it issues labels of entering into the warehouse and undertakes real-timed stock management together with giving orders of warehouse management operation through wireless communication network.

(3)Operation Management Implementation Subsystem: it completes specific operations of entering warehouse, ex-warehouse, shifting warehouse, distribution and check of warehouse, etc. The implementation of every tache can be queried according to assignment. The disposition of RFID equipment in warehouse management refers to Chart-3. Capture layer RFID equipment Other automatic recognition equipment Wireless communication network Movement layer Warehouse management system Management layer Network server Database serverInternet

Chart-2 The Integrated Layers RFID in Warehouse Management System

1.the computer server of stock management database

2.the wireless office computer

3.the printer of labels of warehouse entry

4.the laser printer

5.the wireless antenna

6.the wireless equipment terminal of forklift

7.the wireless long range code scanner

8.the handheld wireless terminal

3.5. Practical Application of RFID in WMS

(1)The fabrication and installation of labels of warehouse location is completed only for once except for the cases of location adjusting or labels damaged. The operation procedures are listed as following?

1) Firstly take coding of warehouse location in accordance with placement of consignment .

2) Write information about warehouse location coding into the electronic labels through function setting of basic management subsystem in warehouse system and RFID reader/writer.

3) Print warehouse location coding letters and bar code information on paper labels through labeling printer.

4) Stick paper labels onto electronic labels to make out warehouse location labels. Chart-3 Disposition of RFID Equipment in Warehouse Management

5) Install warehouse location labels onto the warehouse locations. The installation must be firm to avoid of falling off and uniformly installed onto the supporting beams right below the warehouse locations as much as possible.

(2) Operation Flow of Warehouse Entry

Operation flow of warehouse entry mainly included, incoming goods inspection, fabrication and stickup of labels, automatic distribution of warehouse locations through locale computer and gradual downloading of the warehouse location number of every operation and the serial number of according consignment onto wireless data terminal(handheld terminal or forklift terminal), delivery of consignment to the named warehouse location by operation personnel and send-off to the warehouse 1066location after inerrant check (if necessary, amending recorded consignment number and quantity information in warehouse location labels), Transmit actual happening of warehouse entry by wireless data terminal to locale computer and timely update stock database. (3) Operation Flow of Ex-warehouse Operation flow of ex-warehouse mainly includes?issuing plans of ex-warehouse by the central computer, workout of orders of ex-warehouse by locale computer and download to data terminal, operation personnel arrive at the appointed warehouse location according to hints of data terminal, extraction of consignment of appointed quantity from warehouse locations and amending contents of warehouse location labels, delivering consignment to the exit and taking off consignment labels, sending back information about accomplishment of ex-warehouse to the locale computer?Update central database[6]. (4) Operation Flow of Warehouse Shift

Operation flow of warehouse shift mainly includes?workout of orders of warehouse shift by the locale computer and download to data terminal according to requirements, The operation personnel arrive at the appointed warehouse location according to hints of data terminal, extract the consignment of appointed quantity from warehouse locations and amend contents of warehouse location labels, deliver consignment to the targeted warehouse location and sending consignment in with amendment of label contents, send back the operating information about warehouse shift to the locale computer.

(5)Operation Flow of Warehouse Check

Operation flow of warehouse check mainly includes?the locale send orders of warehouse check t

o the warehouse checking robots(AGV vehicles equipped with RFID reader/writer) according to check plans, warehouse checking robots read labels of storage location and consignment labeling number under their way according to the route and running speed established in advance and they shall send alarming hints in case of mismatching of two counterparts. Warehouse checking robots send information about accomplishment of warehouse check to the locale computer after running according to the appointed route.

4. Conclusions

RFID has gradually become an indispensable technical tool and measure to improve management level of logistics and supply chain, decrease cost, realize the informationization of enterprise management and increase competitive strength. Many typical cases abroad suggest that, the enterprises which have presently applied RFID technology into the warehouse management information system have decreased the error ratio of their producing

efficiency and data recording respectively to 35? and 88?, with throughout of consignment increasing to 40??mistake operations are greatly decreased at the same time[7]. In China, the development of RFID technology just takes its first step, which is seldom used fully to capture and track information in logistics and manufacturing stock management. With development and popularization of RFID technology?we all believe that RFID technology shall bring a fundamental reformation to logistics industry of China.

3。仓库管理系统中的RFID的应用

3.1。在仓库管理系统中RFID与传统的条形码相比的有事优势

与条形码相比，RFID的优点如下：

第一，快速扫描：条码扫描一个条形码，RFID的标识符可以扫描一次，同时一些RFID标签。第二，体积小型化、人物多样化：RFID接入精度不需要纸张大小和打印质量的固定，不受限制的措施和数字。此外，RFID标签可以为体积小型化和多样化，适用于不同的生产数字头。第三，抗污染和耐久性：传统的条形码是由纸易污染。然而，RFID具有很强的抗水，油和化学药品，等，为条码总是附着在塑料袋或纸箱外包装，它很容易损坏，RFID标签的数据存储在芯片中，因此它是反污染。第四，RFID标签使用复制：今天的条形码可以几乎不变化的信息打印后，RFID标签可以添加，修改和删除标签中重复的数据，便于信息的更新。第五，渗透性和暴露的阅读：RFID可以穿透通信尽管纸张，木材，塑料等非金属或非透明材料。条形码扫描仪只能看在附近的一个范围，没有其他材料块的数据。第六，大数据存储：一维条码的容量是50bytes而二维条码有2-3千字节。RFID具有几兆字节量最大。随着记忆载体的发展，数据量日益膨胀的趋势。在未来，引进可以携带更多的数据，因此，标签需要扩展它的体积。第七，安全：RFID进行电子信息的数据以传球数量，内容不易模仿或修改后的。

3.2。仓库管理对象和RFID技术的任务

（1）管理的对象

传统的仓库管理是一种目的是用非自动化的系统将进出口的货物记录下文件的一种方式，是依靠人员完全执行。因此，仓库管理的效率非常低，仓库的规模是非常小的。基于RFID的仓储管理系统是指进口RFID技术的系统。它精致的数据自动接受检验，连锁仓储，货运，分配，货物移位，盘点等操作过程，确保准确性和输入数据的速度。因此，企业可以掌握真实的数据存储在第一时间，这可能会帮助他们合理地保持和控制存储。主要管理对象适用于RFID在企业数据仓库技术：

1）仓库货物：它是仓库管理的直接对象。它分为三种形式：股票，盒体和散装包装。目前RFID并不适用于单一的小物品的管理，所以它是用来在整个盒子或整个股票（包括单品）管理。

2）库存地点：是指用来放置仓库货物和不重叠的区室。通常，一个库存的位置可以放置几个仓库货物或一个大的一个仓库好占几个地点。

3）仓库管理器：它是指用于仓库管理的设备，如叉车、手推车等，这些设备应适当的发送时间和地点以提高繁忙的大型仓库的利用率。（2）管理的任务

1）每个存货位置有一个电子标签，标签被称为库存。仓库管理的操作过程中，根据标签的数量确定的操作位置。

2）管理，仓储货物，他们每个人都有一个电子标签，称为货物标签。货物货物标签应该是整个股票?boxor大货易标记。仓库操作期间，阅读标签的号码查操作货物。在节省运行费用的目的，产品标签应设计为标签，可以充分利用可摘去复制用于仓储位置。

3）建立无线局域网覆盖了整个航运部门将操作数据立即。在叉车上安装固定无线数据终端，和手持无线数据终端的每个手动操作人员。无线数据终端可以接收操作命令，确认运转位置