2015年达沃斯论坛七大关键议题

2015年达沃斯论坛七大关键议题

Seven Themes that will Dominate Davos 2015

World leaders, top business people and campaigners will be debating issues from climate change to political instability at the World Economic Forum this week.

在本周举行的世界经济论坛上，世界各国领导人、商界精英和活动家们将就从气候变化到政治动荡等一系列议题展开讨论。

Climate change

气候变化

Last year was the warmest on record, and climate change will be high on the agenda during the first full day of events in Davos.

去年是历史上最温暖的一年，而气候变化将会是今年达沃斯论坛的重要议题之一。

Al Gore, the former vice-president of the US, who has described climate change as “the biggest challenge our civilisation faces”, is taking centre stage alongside Pharrell Williams, the pop star who sang “Happy” but who is appearing as creative director of Bionic Yarn, a company that turns fibres from recycled plastic into durable textiles.

美国前副总统戈尔曾经表示，气候变化是“我们人类文明面临的最大挑战”。在今年的达沃斯年会上，他将和流行歌手法瑞尔·威廉姆斯一起主导有关气候变化问题的讨论。法瑞尔·威廉姆斯是流行金曲《快乐》的演唱者，也是仿生纱公司的创意总监。这家公司从回收的塑料中提取纤维，并将其制成耐用的纺织品。

Gore is participating in other events looking at how business should respond to climate change, alongside Lord Stern, president of the British Academy, and speakers from the insurance company Axa.

戈尔也将和英国学术院院长斯特恩勋爵，以及安盛保险公司的代表人共同参与其他活动，探讨企业应当如何应对气候变化。

Other events covering this topic include “Building for the Storm”, asking how governments should respond to climate change. Another session will look at how a comprehensive global climate deal can be achieved.

与该议题相关的讨论活动还包括“未雨绸缪”——旨在探讨政府在应对气候变化问题中的责任。还有一场活动是探讨如何加强国际合作，制定一个全面的全球性气候协议。 Political instability

政治动荡

Conflict is the number-one issue for the political and business elite this year. The rise of Islamic State has awoken fears over failures of national governance and the collapse of nation states.

对于全球政治和商业精英来说，冲突动乱是他们关心的头等大事。伊斯兰国的崛起令他们甚为担忧国家治理不善和民族国家垮台。

Several Middle Eastern leaders are in attendance, including Egypt’s president Abdel Fatah al-Sisi;King Abdullah of Jordan; Haidar al-Abadi, prime minister of Iraq; and Massoud Barzani, president of the autonomous Kurdistan region.

多位中东国家领导人也将出席此次年会，包括埃及总统塞西、约旦国王阿布杜拉、伊拉克总理阿巴迪和库尔德斯坦自治区总统巴尔扎尼。

The Ukraine crisis is a reminder that “long-forgotten” disputes can flare back into life, the World Economic Foundation says, with widespread consequences for a whole region. Petro Poroshenko, president of Ukraine, will be looking for support as his country risks defaulting on its debts.

世界经济论坛基金会表示，乌克兰的危机为我们敲响了一次警钟，它告诉我们一些“久违”的争端可能会再次爆发，给整个区域造成广泛而深远的影响。乌克兰总统彼得·波罗申科将会寻求国际援助，以解决乌克兰当前面临的主权债务危机。

Poroshenko should get support from George Soros, the billionaire investor and

philanthropist, who is pushing European governments to offer Kiev more help. He will be lobbying the likes of Germany’s Angela Merkel, France’s François Hollande and Italy’s Matteo Renzi.

波罗申科应当寻求乔治·索罗斯的帮助。乔治·索罗斯是拥有上亿身家的投资者和慈善家，如今他正致力于推动欧洲国家政府向乌克兰提供更多的帮助。他将游说许多政要首领身边的红人，而这些领导人包括德国总理安格拉·默克尔、法国总统弗朗索瓦·奥朗德以及意大利总理马泰奥·伦齐。

The terror attacks in France this month will also be debated, just days after many heads of government marched in Paris. On Wednesday, the former UK prime minister Tony Blair will take part in a session examining whether religion is a pretext for conflict.

本月发生在法国的恐怖袭击事件也将受到与会者关注。仅在十几天前，多国政府领导人参加了巴黎街头的反恐示威游行。英国前首相托尼·布莱尔将会在星期三参与论坛的活动，探讨宗教能否成为武装冲突的借口。

Pandemics

全球性流行疾病

Global authorities were slow, at least initially, to respond to the Ebola outbreak and

provide resources to the countries affected, according to the organisers at Davos. So what lessons can we learn?

据年会组织者透露，各国政府面对突然爆发的埃博拉疫情大都反应迟缓（至少在刚开始的时候），不能及时向受创国家输送相关物资和人员以应对危机。我们能从中吸取哪些教训呢？

Panellists discussing the subject includeKofi Annan, former secretary general of the UN, as well as Margaret Chan, director general of the World Health Organisation. Alpha Condé, the president of Guinea, who has faced accusations of being initially slow to respond to Ebola, is also speaking.

参与讨论此议题的成员包括前联合国秘书长科菲·安南和世界卫生组织总干事陈冯富珍。几内亚总统阿尔法·孔戴因未能在疫情爆发初始时期采取有效的应对措施而遭到了各方的谴责，而他也将参与此次讨论。

The New York Times quoted him recently saying: “While shaving I think of Ebola, while eating I think of Ebola, while sleeping I think of Ebola.”

据《纽约时报》报道，他近日公开表示：“我刮胡子时在想埃博拉，吃饭时在想埃博拉，睡觉时还是在想埃博拉。”

Technology

科技

Sir Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the world wide web, is among those speaking on the topic of “In Tech We Trust”. Eric Schmidt, the boss of Google, is one of this year’s

co-chairs while Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook and Satya Nadella of Microsoft will also be involved in a debate on the future of the digital economy.

万维网发明者蒂姆·伯纳斯-李爵士将会参与名为“我们相信科技”的讨论活动。谷歌董事长兼首席执行官埃里克·施密特是本次年会的共同主席之一，而脸谱网首席运营官雪莉·桑德伯格和微软首席执行官萨帝亚·纳德拉将会参与讨论数码经济的未来。

Cyber-security should be high on the agenda too, following David Cameron’s

controversial suggestion that governments should be given access to encrypted data. 网络安全也是其中的一个重要议题。英国首相卡梅伦近日表示，政府应当有权查看和使用网络加密数据。他的言论引起了极大的争议。

Jack Ma, founder of China’s search engine Alibaba, is also a key speaker.

中国电商巨头阿里巴巴的创始者马云也是其中一个重要的发言者。