文段翻译

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　　It is a long-standing tradition in China that people lay much stress on education and show high respect for the teacher.Since ancient times,the Chinese nation has put education in a veiy important position.All social classes will try by every means to have their children go to school to receive education,even though they are not rich.The status of the teacher depends on the importance attached to education.In ancient China,there were many sayings about respecting the teacher.Respect for the teacher can be seen in all aspects of social life.The teacher could be excused from etiquette when meeting the emperor,but officials should bow down when meeting the teacher.Nowadays,China has set September 10th each year as the Teachers，Day,in order to show respect for them.

　　在中国，人们非常注重教育和敬重师长是一个历史悠久的传统。自古以来，中华民族就将教育至于重位，社会各阶级的人都会尽其所能的将他们的孩子送进学校接受教育，尽管他们中有的人并不富裕。教师的地位决定于教育的重要性。尊重师长出现在社会生活的方方面面。###现如今，中国为了表达对教师的敬爱将每年的9月10日设定为教师节。

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　　Doing good is also known as “doing good deeds” in China. Being glad to do good deeds is closely associated with excellent qualities such as tolerance, justice and kindness, etc., and it is a traditional Chinese virtue. Chinese people have always considered it a happy deed to help others, and offer to help those in trouble with full-hearted enthusiasm. This kind of help is very selfless no matter the relationship between the helped and the helper is intimate or not, and it requires nothing from others. People consider helping others as a noble obligation, and in the process of doing this they improve and perfect their own soul and morals. This good virtue has taken root in the hearts of the Chinese people nowadays. It has become commonplace in China that if one person or one place is in trouble, people from all quarters will offer to help.

　　在中国，做好事也被称为“行善”。作为乐于行善密切具有优良的品质，比如宽容，正义和善良等有关，这是中国的传统美德。中国人总是将帮助他人视为一件快乐之事，并满怀热情地帮助那些身处困境的人。无论被助之人还是帮助者的关系亲密与否，这种帮助是相当无私且不需要他人付出什么代价。人们将帮助他人视为是崇高的义务，而且在那过程中人们提高和完善他们自己的灵魂和道德。现如今，这种美德在中国人民的心中扎根。在中国，人们从四面八方赶来相助于窘境里的人或地区已经很司空见惯了。

　　Honesty is to be sincere and upright,and match one's words with his/her action.Being trustworthy is to keep one's word and not to be false and deceitful.Confucius taught his disciples to be honest.In study,if you know a thing,say you know it;if you don't,say you don't.He thought it was the correct attitude towards study.In ancient times,the doors of Chinese shops had on it an inscription“genuine goods at a fair price for all customers.”This shows that since old times China has advocated the ethics of fair trade,honesty towards customers,no deception and no falsification.In modern China,the virtue of being honest and trustworthy has been carried forward.It is to be single-minded and responsible at work and in learning,and it is to be honest to friends and one should practice what he/she says.

　　诚实即是真诚和正直，并且是一个人言行一致的表现。保持可信度需要诚实守信并不犯错和虚伪狡诈。孔夫子教导他的子弟做诚实的人。在学习中，知之为知之，不知为不知。这是他所认为的是学习的正确态度。古时候，中国商店的门上都挂着这样的铭牌，上面写着“货真价实的商品供给所有客人。”这就体现了自古以来中国便宣称公平交易的道德，诚信对客，没有欺骗没有弄虚作假。在现在的中国，诚实守信这种美德被发扬光大。在工作学习中一心一意和负责任，并且诚实对友和实践他/她的话。

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　　It is a fine tradition in China to respect the old and love the young.As early as the Han Dynasty, the government issued laws many times to advocate and reward behavior relating to treating the old with respect.The Chinese people treat their offspring with love and education, with kindness and strictness, embodying a strong sense of moral responsibility.The tradition of respecting the old and taking care of the young has been carried forward in modern times.At present, the old and the young in China have their own legal holidays—Elders' Day and Children's Day.Besides, the government has issued specific laws to protect women and children; and some laws also stipulate in explicit terms that Chinese citizens have obligations to take care of parents and raise children. 在中国，尊老爱幼是一个优良传统。早在汉朝，中国政府就颁布了法律多次宣扬与尊敬老人相关的行为。中国人用爱与教育、善良与严厉来养育子孙后代，在他们的心里有着一种强烈的道德责任感。尊老爱幼的传统延续至今，现在老人和儿童都有他们的法定节日----老人节和儿童节。另外，政府也发行了具体的法律来保护妇女和儿童;一些法规也明文规定中国公民有责任照顾父母和养育子女。 5

　　Homesickness is an eternal topic for Chinese people.Since ancient times, home has been a permanent harbor for both men and women, and homesickness is their ever-young complex.It is such kind of complex that becomes the important theme of Chinese literati in all dynasties; they expressed this theme in various ways and form various angles.It is home that arouses the best memories in their hearts.Thanks to those memories, they feel like going back to the pure and innocent childhood and returning to mothers arms.The wounds in body and mind will get healed temporarily and spiritual emptiness will be enriched for a while.Home has become their ultimate destination.

　　思家之情是中国人永恒的话题。早在古时，家对于人们无论男女都是永远的港湾，所以思家情怀是他们不变的心结。也正是这个心结成为了中国各朝代的文学史上一个重要的主题;文学家用不同方式从不同角度来抒发这份思家情怀。家能够唤醒中国人心中最美好的记忆。而这些记忆让人们感受到仿佛回到了纯洁和天真的童年，回到了母亲的臂弯。身心的伤口得到了暂时的愈合，心灵的空虚也在那一刻得到了填补。家是中国人最终的归宿。

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　　Being ready to help others is one of the fine traditions of Chinese nation.By helping others，one not only offered help to others,but also expressed one kind of self-respect.To help others,one should give up selfishness and shouldn't consider his own interest all the time.Think more of others and initiatively give a hand to those that need help.To be ready to help others,one should live happily and avoid asking for trouble.When helping others, one can get happiness at the same time and enjoy the pleasure of life.To be ready to help others,one should take action actively instead of just saying it.Be down-to-earth, and offer service to others with passion.Even for the simple things,just start doing them bit by bit.

　　乐于助人是中华民族的优良传统之一。通过帮助他人，一个人不仅是为别人提供了帮助，还表现了一种自我价值。一个人为了帮助他人需要放下自私并且也不再总是以个人利益为先。多为他人着想并主动向需要的人伸出援助之手。为了时刻准备着帮助他人，一个人需要快乐生活而且避免自讨苦吃。人能够在帮助他人时获得幸福和生活的乐趣。为了时刻准备着帮助他人，一个人应该积极地行动起来而不是说说而已。做到脚踏实地，满怀热情的为他人提供帮助。即使是一件小事，也一点一点地开始。

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　　The last decade has witnessed an intriguing phenomenon that people are paying more and more attention to traditional Chinese culture. Their bookshelves are packed with books interpreting ancient Chinese wisdom, depicting its brilliant history and fascinating historic figures. What’s more, suggestions that Chinese classics be made a compulsory course have been made. Two factors may account for people’s up-surging interest. To begin with, tremendous curiosity is aroused by those pending history mysteries of hundreds or even thousands of years. Furthermore, people come to realise that ancient Chinese culture serves as a gold mine from which inexhaustible lessons can be learned and put into practice to solve the current problems.

　　过去的十年见证了一个有趣的现象，人们越来越关注中国传统文化。他们的书架上塞满了中国古代智慧书籍的译本，这些书描绘了中国辉煌的历史和迷人的历史人物形象。更有着，人们还提出中国传统应该作为一门必修课的建议。有两个原因也许能够对人们高涨的兴趣作出解释。首先，极大的好奇心被千百年未解的历史谜云所激发。再者，人们意识到中国古代文化如同黄金一般，在那其中有学不完的教训，并能够运用到实际当中来解决眼前的问题。

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　　The degree to which a bowing or lowering of the body is emphasized varies from one culture to another . In many cultures today the full bow or other dramatic lowering of the body is generally reserved for formal occasions such as greeting a head of state or monarch. For example, British commoners standing before the queen or being honored by royalty in a ceremony of knighthood would be expected to bow, curtsey, or kneel. As part of their religious practices some Christians kneel, Catholics genuflect, and Muslims kowtow3 , an extreme form of body lowering in which the forehead is brought to the ground. Although bowing, as a worldwide phenomenon, has been on the decrease in recent decades, it has survived in German culture and exists to an even greater degree in modern Japan, where bows are an integral part of everyday social interaction . In the United States, however, bowing or any type of submissive body posture is particularly irritating, for it tends to connote undue formality, aristocracy, and a nonverbal denial of egalitarianism. Nowhere is bowing more important to the process of communication today than in Japanese society. As an indication of how pervasive bowing is in present-day Japan, some experts point out that“ some female department store employees have the sole function of bowing to customers at department store escalators and that many Japanese bow repeatedly to invisible partners at the other end of a telephone line”. Bowing initiates interaction between two Japanese , it enhances and embellishes many parts of the ensuing conversation, and it is used to signal the end of a conversation. Although Westerners, in a very general sense, understand the meaning attached to bowing, appropriate bowing in Japan is an intricate and complex process. Reciprocal bowing is determined largely by rank. In fact, it is possible to tell the relative social status of the two communicators by the depth of their bows ( the deeper the bow, the lower the status) . When bowing deeply, it is conventional to lean slightly to the right to avoid bumping heads. The person of lower status is expected to initiate the bow, and the person of higher status determines when the bow is completed. People of equivalent status are expected to bow at the same depth while starting and finishing at the same time.

　　一个鞠躬的程度或降低强调身体的变化每个个文化都是不同的。今天在许多文化中完整的弓或身体的其他显著降低一般用于正式场合,如问候一个国家元首或君主。例如,英国平民站在女王或被皇室授予仪式骑士将弓,行屈膝礼,或者跪。作为宗教信仰的一部分,一些基督徒跪,天主教徒跪拜,和穆斯林降低身体的一种极端形式的额头被带到地面。尽管鞠躬,作为一个世界性的现象,已经在最近几十年的减少，,它已经在德国文化中存活，并在现代日本更大程度上存在，,弓在哪里日常社会交往不可或缺的一部分。在美国,然而,鞠躬或任何类型的顺从身体的姿势特别刺激,它往往意味着过分拘谨,贵族,和一个非语言的平等主义的否定。没有鞠躬更重要比日本社会今天沟通的过程。视为普遍的鞠躬是如何在今天的日本,一些专家指出“一,些女性百货商店员工屈从于顾客在百货商店的唯一功能自动扶梯,许多日本弓反复看不见的伙伴在电话线的另一端”。鞠躬发起两艘日本之间的相互作用,它能增强和修饰随后的交谈中,许多地方和它用于信号的结束谈话。虽然西方人,在一般意义上,适当了解含义鞠躬,鞠躬在日本是一个错综复杂的过程。相互鞠躬主要由地位决定。事实上,它可以告诉的相对社会地位两个传播者的深度鞠躬(弓越深,越低状态)。当深深鞠躬,常规的做法是稍微向右倾斜,以避免撞头。地位低的人预计将启动弓,而地位高的人决定了弓时完成。同等地位的人预计将弓在同一深度,同时开始和结束。