新补三篇

Style, Not Fashion(t)

Style goes way beyond fashion: It is the distinctive way we put ourselves together. It is a unique blend of spirit and substance-personal identity imposed oil and created through the world of things. (1)A It is a way of capturing something vibrant, making a statement about ourselves in clothes. It is what people really want when they aspire to be fashionable. (if they aren't just adorning themselves in status symbols).风格而不是潮流,风格远不止于时尚，它是一种让我们把自己结合在一起的独特方式。它是精神和物质独一无二的融合——人格同一，并且通过同一来创造万物的世界。它是一种捕捉活跃事物的方式，是通过服装来表达自我。它是人们渴望走上时尚潮流所真正想要的（如果他们不仅仅是在地位象征中美化自己）

Through clothes, we reinvent ourselves every time we get dressed. Our wardrobe is our visual vocabulary. Style is our distinctive pattern of speech, our

individual poetry.每次穿衣时，我们都通过所穿的服装来重新塑造自己。我们的全部服装就是我们的可视视觉形象。风格是我们特有的讲话方式，是我们独有的诗歌艺术。

Fashion is the least of it. Style is, for starters, one part identity:

self-awareness and self-knowledge.(2)D You can’t have style until you have a sense of who you are. And style requires security-feeling at home in your body, physically and mentally. Of course, like all knowledge, self-knowledge must be updated as you grow and evolve; style takes ongoing self-assessment.时尚对风格的体现帮助很少。 首先，风格是个人身份的一部分，是自我意识和认知。直到你知道自己是谁，你才能拥有风格.风格需要有安全感——你整个人感觉很自在，无论是精神上还是身体上。当然，就像所有知识一样，自我认知一定要随着你的成长和进步而不断更新，风格也不断地在自我评估.................................

Style is also one part personality: spirit: verve, attitude, wit, inventiveness. It demands the desire and confidence to express whatever mood one wishes. Such variability is not only necessary but a reflection of a person's unique complexity as a human being. (3)F People want to be themselves and to be seen as themselves. In order to work, style must reflect the real self, the character and personality of the individual; anything less appears to be a costume?风格也是个性的一部分：精神、精力、态度、风趣和创造性。它需要一种欲望与自信来表达一个人希望拥有的情绪.这种可变性不仅是必须的，而且能反映出一个人之所以为人的独特的复杂性。人们想要做自己并且被人看到这就是自己。为此，风格必须能反映出真实的自己，个人的特点和个性；稍微不足，就剩一套衣服而已。

Lastly, style is one part fashion. It's possible to have lots of clothes and not an ounce of style. But it’s also possible to have very few clothes and lots of style. Yes, fashion is the means through which we express style, but it takes fewer clothes to be stylish than you mightimagine.最后，风格是时尚的一部分。有可能有很多衣服却没有一丁点儿的风格。但是，也有可能有很少的衣服却有很多风格。是的，时尚是一种方式，通过学习它我们表达自己的风格，但是即便是用比你想象得还要少的服装也可以很有风格。

Whatever else it is, style is optimism made visible. Style presumes that you are a person of interest: that the world is a place of interest that life is worth making the effort for. It also shows that you are morally responsible. It shows that you don't buy things at the whim of the marketplace or the urging of marketers. (4)C Rather, you focus on what is

personally suitable and expressive. Style exposes people's ambivalence over good looks. It always demonstrates that

appearances do count. Deep down we suspect this, since we ourselves make judgments about others from how they look.无论它是什么，风格是能够看得见的乐观。从风格中能够看出，你是一个充满趣味的人：这个世界是

一个能引起兴趣的世界，生活是值得人们为之奋斗的。还可以看出，你在道德上是有责任心的。你在商场买东西并不是心血来潮，或是受营销人员的驱使。相反，你关注的是个人的适用性和表达性。风格展现出人们对漂亮容貌的矛盾心理。容貌一直被认为是重要的。我们在心底里怀疑自己，因为我们通常是通过他人的外貌来评判他们。

No one should be penalized for not having style, of course, but those who have it are distinctive and thus more memorable.(5)E They create a unique identity for

themselves and express it through grooming and a few well-chosen clothes. They announce to the world that they are in command of themselves.当然，没有人会因为没有风格而受到惩罚，但是有风格的人是独特的，因此也更容易被人记住。他们为自己创造出独特的身份，并且通过打扮和几件精心挑选的衣服来把它表达出来。他们向世界宣告，他们可以主宰自己。 词汇：

adorn v.装饰，使更美观 wardrobe n. (个人的）全部服装suspect v.怀疑，猜想 wit n.风趣，说话风趣的人blend v.混在一起，混合ambivalence n.矛盾心理，矛盾心态 注释：

1.aspire to befashionable:渴望赶上时尚潮流

2.an ounce ofstyle: 一丁点的风格 3.atthe whimof:心血来潮（突发奇想） 练习：

A It is a wayof capturing something vibrant,making a statement about ourselves in clothes.

B Fashion ispart of sty1e. C Rather, youfocus on what is personallysuitable and expressive.

D You can’t have style until you have a senseof who you are.

E They createa unique identity for themselvesand express it through grooming and a few well-chosenclothes.

F People wantto be themselves and to be seenas themselves. 答案与题解：

A 第一段都在解释什么是风格，六个选项中A、B、D三项都涉及风格，根据文章内容和句式的排比可以看出答案是选项A。

D 本段的主旨句是第二句话，本句是对主旨句的阐释，讲风格与自我认知的关系。只有选项D符合。

F 本段的主旨句是第一句话，全段在解释风格与个性的关系。所以，只有选项F符合。 C 前一句在讲有风格的人不是心血来潮，可以推测此处应该讲有风格的人应该是如何的。只有选项C的句意与其对照，且符合整个段意。所以，正确答案是选项C。

E 前一句讲有风格的人是独特的，因此也更容易被人记住，选项E在解释他们是通过什么方式做到这一点的。所以，选项E符合本段段意。

Men Smell of Cheese and Women of Onions(T)

Little girls may be made of sugar and all things nice, but their armpits1 smell of onions. And while free of slug or snail odours,(1)B men’s armpits pack a powerful cheesy whiff. That’s the

conclusion of research in Switzerland that involved taking armpit sweat samples from 24 men and 25 women after he had spent time in a sauna or ridden an exercise bike for

15 minute.

(2)E The researchers found marked differences in the sweat from men and women.

The men, meanwhile, had relatively high levels of an odourless fatty acid which turned into a cheesy odour when exposed to “Men smell of cheese, and women of grapefruit or onion,” says Christian Starkenmann of Firmenich, a company in Geneva that researches flavours and

perfumes for food and cosmetics companies.小女孩闻起来可能有糖、香料和所有好东西的味道，但是她们的腋下却闻起来像洋葱。男人的腋下虽然没有鼻涕虫或者蜗牛的味道，但是却有一股奶酪的气味。这是一项来自瑞士的研究结论，研究中的24位男土和25位女士在一段时间的桑拿浴或15分钟的骑车锻炼后，腋下的气味被收集作为样本。 The team found that the women's armpit sweat constrained relatively high levels of an odourless sulphur-containning compound – 5 milligrams per milliliter of sweat versus 0.5 milligrams in men.研究者发现男人和女人腋下的气味有很大不同。“男人的闻起来更像奶酪，女人的闻起来更像葡萄柚或洋葱”，来自Firmenich公司的ChristianStarkenmann说道。Firmenich是一家位于日内瓦，为食物和化妆品研究香味和香水的公司。 When the researchers mixed this compound in the lab with bacteria commonly found in the armpit, the bugs turned it into a thiol - a previously discovered odour from armpits that is akin to onion2.研究团队发现女人腋下的气味中含有高浓度无味的含硫合成物——每毫升的气味中有5毫克，而男人腋下的气味中只有0．5毫克。当研究者在实验室中把这种合成物与在腋下普遍存在的细菌混合在一起时，小虫子立刻变成硫醇——之前在腋下发现的一种类似洋葱味道的气味。

“The more sulphur precursor we added, the more intense was the malodour,” says Starkenmann, whose team’s results appear in Chemical Senses.(3)A Bacterial enzymes turn the otherwise odourless precursor into the malodour.“我们加入越多的硫前体，恶臭味就越浓烈”，Starkenmann说。他的团队的研究结果出现在了ChemicalSenses中，细菌酶把另一种无味的前体转化为恶臭味。

the same types of bacteria. The balance of oniony to cheesy precursors in women’s sweat made it smell worse than men’s as rated by independent smell assessors.同时，男人有相对高含量的无味脂肪酸，当它暴露在同一种类型的细菌中时，它又被转化成了奶酪的气味。当单独测试气味时，女人气味中的洋葱味对奶酪味的平衡使得这种气味闻起来比男人的更糟。

(4)D Next, the team hope to develop new ingredients for deodorants that fight the smells. “We could make inhibitors that neutralise the precursors, or block the bacterial enzymes that do the conversion,” says Starkenmann.2接下来，这个团队希望能为除臭剂发明出新的原料来对抗这种气味。“我们要用抑制剂来中和这种前体，或者阻挡细菌酶来融合这种前体”，Starkenmann说。

Some researchers are sceptical that gender is the main deciding factor, arguing that the patterns found in Swiss volunteers might not apply to other populations with different diets and genetic background. “Other factors include what you eat.(5)F what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you inherit,” says Tim Jacob of Cardiff University in the UK.一些研究者怀疑性别是主要决定因素，他们认为在瑞士志愿者身上发现的模式可能不适用于其他有着不同饮食、基因背景的人。“其他因素包括你吃什么，用什么洗，穿什么，遗传什么样的基因”，来自英国加的夫大学的TimJacob说道。 词汇：

armpit n. 腋(部)

malodour n.难闻的气味，恶臭 grapefruit n.葡萄柚 neutralize v.中和，抵消 sulphur n.硫 enzyme n.酶 thiol n.硫醇 注释：

1. smell of onions：.....闻起来像洋葱 2. ... is akin to onion：......近似于

洋葱

练习：

A Bacterial enzymes turn the

otherwise odourless precursor into the malodour.

B And while free of slug or snail odours, men’s armpits pack a powerful cheesy whiff.

C Most cases of skin odor is associated with break down of the compounds found in sweat by bacteria that live on the skin.

D Nest; the team hope to develop new ingredients for deodorants that fight the smells.

E The researchers found marked differences in the sweat from men and women. F “Other factors include what you eat. what you wash with, what you weat and what genes you inherit,” says Tim Jacob of Cardiff University in the UK. 答案与题解：

1. B 前一句讲女孩的腋下气味，后一句解释说这是一项研究成果，所以为了完整性，此处应该讲男性腋下的气味是怎么样的。所以，正确答案是选项B。

2. E 上一段结尾处介绍了这个研究的基本情况，本段又具体讲了一下试验结果，所以此处句首所填的句子应该起到承上启下的作用，并且是本段的中心句。只有选项E概括了本段的主要内容。

3. A 前一句提到加入越多的硫前体，恶臭味就越浓烈，由此可以推测出后面应该讲到恶臭味出现的原因。所以，正确答案是选项A。 4. D 根据本段第二句话可以判断出，这句应该讲研究团队接下来要怎么做。所以，正确答案是选项D。

5. F 本段第一句话在讲其他研究者怀疑有其他因素的影响，可以推测本句会进一步阐释其他因素。所以，正确答案是选项F。

The Romance of Arthur (T)

Most cultures have some sort of hero who represents the best values of what its people believe in. The unusual thing about King Arthur is that legends of his heroism have persisted for several centuri

es and spread far beyond England, the place where they began. 很多文化都有某类能代表他们民族深信的价值观的英雄。有关亚瑟王的不同寻常的事情就是他的英雄主义传奇已经持续了几个世纪，并且影响力早已超越它所诞生的英国。

The earliest stories of King Arthur represent him as a warrior who fought and subdued the invading Norsemen in the years around A. D. 700. This much of the Arthurian tale is probably based on fact. Whether called Arthur or not, there is a body of evidence supporting the existence of such a warrior. It is the later embellishments of the tale whose authenticity is questionable. According to these, Arthur was born in a castle in Tintagel on the stormy western coast of England and because he was the illegitimate son of King Uther Pendragon, he was spirited away by the magician Merlin and his true identity kept from him. He became king after freeing the sword Excalibur from the stone into which it was thrust. He married the beautiful Guinevere and assembled in his court all the noblest knights of the land, including Lancelot, with whom Guinevere would later be unfaithful to him. He was finally defeated in battle by his illegitimate son Mordred, and his body was spirited away to the isle of A Valon. 在有关亚瑟王早期的故事中，他是一个战士，他在公元约700年抗击、震慑入侵的北欧人。许多这类亚瑟王的故事大概是基于事实。无论是否叫作亚瑟，大量证据证明是有这样一个战士存在的。后来这些故事被美化修饰，使得它们的真实性受到质疑。根据这些故事，我们知道亚瑟出生在位于英国西海岸廷塔杰尔的一座城堡里，这里经常狂风暴雨。由于亚瑟是国王UtherPendragon的私生子，所以他被巫师Merlin偷偷地带走，因此他不知道自己的真实身份。在王者之剑从它刺穿的石头中拔出时，他才成为国王。他娶了美丽的Guinevere，并且召集所有贵族骑士来到他的王宫，这其中就包

括Lancelot，后来Guinevere背叛了亚瑟王和他，在一起。亚瑟王最终在决斗中被他的私生子Mordred打败，他的尸体被偷偷地运到阿瓦隆岛上。

This romantic tale greatly appealed to the English and the French in the Middle Ages, when the code of chivalry-ideal qualities of knighthood-constituted an important part of many stories. Tales of the heroism of Galahad, Percival, Gawain, and many other of Arthur's knights were circulated as well.这个传奇故事对中世纪的英国人和法国人很有吸引力，那个时候骑士精神的道德标准——骑士的理想的品格——是许多故事中很重要的一部分。

Galahad，Percival，Gawain，以及其他亚瑟王的骑士的英雄主义故事也都传播开来。

In England today, there are many sites claiming a piece of the Arthurian an legend. There is a mined castle at Tintagel. Near Glastonbury are the remains of an ancient abbey where Arthur’

s and Guinevere's bodies were supposedly exhumed in the 12th century. Neither of these proves that the legend is true, but they do keep its mystique alive. 在今天的英国，有许多地方都宣称是亚瑟王传奇遗址的一部分。廷塔杰尔还有一座成为废墟的城堡。格拉斯顿堡附近还有一座古代修道院的遗迹，据说亚瑟王和Guinevere的尸体在12世纪就在这里被挖掘出来。这些都不能证明传奇的真实性，但是它们却让这种神秘气氛延续下去

词汇：

Arthur n.亚瑟（中世纪传奇故事中的不列颠国王，圆桌骑士团的首领）

spirit v.偷偷地带走；拐走；绑架 warrior n. 战士，勇士 chivalry n. 骑士

subdue v. 制服，慑服 embellishment n. 美化，修饰 mystique n. 神秘气氛

注释

1. This much of the Arthurian tale??：许多这类亚瑟王的故

事 2. ...was spirited away by ??被偷偷地带走??

练习

1. King Arthur’

s famer was ______ D. Uther Pendragon

2. The writer seems to feel that the truth about Arthur is that he ______. A. exist

3. The information in the second paragraph is mostly presented in ______. C. order from earliest to latest

4. In the last paragraph the word “exhumed” means _____ A. dug up from the grave

5. Another good title for this passage would be ______ C. Real or Legend?

解析：

（1）D 对比原文和题目信息，确定答案。题目问的是King Arthur’s famer是谁？原文句子是：he was the illegitimate son of King Uther Pendragon，he指代的就是King Arthur，illegitimate son是指“私生子”，原文意思是说：King Arthur是King Uther Pendragon的私生子。由此可见，King Uther Pendragon就是King Arthur的父亲。对比四个选项，D. Uther Pendragon与原文一致。所以正确答案为D选项。

（2） A 对比原文和题目信息，确定答案。题目意思是：作者认为关于Arthur的什么是真的？原文说的是：不管名字是否叫亚瑟，都有大量的证据证明是有这样的一个战士存在的（Whether called Arthur or not, there is a body of evidence supporting the existence of such a warrior.）。对比四个选项，A. existed与原文的existence意思一致，属于同义替换，而B. was married to Guinevere（娶了Guinevere），C. had many knights（有许多骑士），D. was born at Tintagel（出生于Tintagel）都是亚瑟传说故事的一部分。所以正确答案为A选项。

（3）C 文章第二段从亚瑟王出生开始，是按时间顺序。

（4）A “exhumed”意思是挖出，发掘出的意思

（5）选择C. A 太宽泛，D太片面。