英译汉翻译作业8

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英译汉翻译作业8

一、句子翻译

1. Some good old-fashioned TV sets are still gaining a chunk of TV business in the market. 一些质量好的老牌子的电视机至今占有着电视产业的大量市场。

2. Until recently, scientists have been unable to devise a drill which would be capable of cutting through hard rock at great depths. This problem has now been solved.

直到最近，科学家还不能研制出可以深入地下坚硬岩石的钻头，但现在这个问题解决了。

3. Why people are prepared to tolerate a four hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond my ken.

为什么人们情愿每天四小时奔波在路上去换取值得怀疑的乡间的优点（41）

二、篇章翻译：第一段不用译，请翻译剩余的段落。

There are two main aspects of this change. First, there are new definitions of what man can achieve, of what a human standard of life should be. In recent times this has been particularly true since technology has consistently broadened man's potential: it has made a longer, healthier, better life possible. Thus, in terms of what is technically possible, we have higher aspirations. Those who suffer levels of life well below those that are possible, even though they live better than medieval knights or Asian peasants, are poor.

Related to this technological advance is the social definition of poverty. The American poor are not poor in Hong Kong or in the sixteenth century; they are poor here and now, in the United States. They are dispossessed in terms of what the rest of the nation enjoys, in terms of what the society could provide if it had the will. They live on the fringe, the margin. They watch the movies and read the magazines of affluent America, and these tell them that they are internal exiles.

与这种技术进步相关的是贫穷的社会定义。美国的穷人在香港或者在16世纪并不穷，但此时此刻此地他们是贫穷的。他们被剥夺了其他有的欢乐和社会应该提供的东西。他们生活在贫困的边缘。他们看电影，阅读关于富裕美国的杂志，而这些东西告诉他们的是他们被内部流放。

To some, this description of the feelings of the poor might seem to be out of place in discussing a definition of poverty. Yet if this book indicates anything about the other America, it is that this sense of exclusion is the source of a pessimism, a defeatism that intensifies the exclusion. To have one bowl of rice in a society where all other people have half a bowl may well be a sign of achievement and intelligence; it may spur a person to act and to fulfill his human potential. To have five bowls of rice in a society where the majority have a decent, balanced diet is a tragedy. 对于一些人来说，描述穷人的感受并不能涵盖对贫穷的定义。如果有一本书暗示有关另一个美国的事情，那么这种排斥感是悲观主义的祸根，而失败主义也加剧了悲观主义。别人拥有半碗米饭而自己却拥有一整碗，生活在这种社会中这可能是成就与智慧的标志。这可能鼓励人激发潜能。别人拥有大量的米而自己只拥有无万米，这就是悲剧了。

This point can be put another way in defining poverty. One of the consequences of our new technology is that we have created new needs. There are more people who live longer. Therefore they need more. In short, if there is technological advance without social advance, there is, almost automatically, an increase in human misery, in impoverishment.

从这一点可以作为定义贫穷的另一角度。我们新技术的结果之一就是我们创造了新需求。有更多的人会长寿。因此他们需求就水涨船高。简单的说，如果技术进步而社会进步没有跟上，

那么毫无疑问，人类的苦难必将增加。

And finally, in defining poverty one must also compute the social cost of progress. One of the reasons that the income figures show fewer people today with low incomes than twenty years ago is that more wives are working now, and family income has risen as a result. In 1940, 15 percent of wives were in the labor force; in 1957 the figure was 30 percent. This means that there was more money and, presumably, less poverty.

最后，要定义贫穷也必须需要计算社会进步的成本。收入数据显示出低收入者比二十年前少的原因，就是妇女工作了，因此家庭的收入也随之提高。1940年，15%的妇女是劳力，而1957年，比例是30%。这意味着财富增多，贫困减少。

Yet a tremendous growth in the number of working wives is an expensive way to increase income. It will be paid for in terms of the impoverishment of home life, of children who receive less care, love, and supervision. This one fact, for instance, might well play a significant role in the problems of the young in America. It could mean that the next generation, or a part of it, will have to pay the bill for the extra money that was gained. It could mean that we have made an improvement in income statistics at the cost of hurting thousands and hundreds of children. If a person has more money but achieves this through mortgaging the future, who is to say that he or she is no longer poor?

妇女工作人数的的大幅增长是增加财富的代价昂贵的方式。成本就是家庭生活水平的质量，孩子的缺乏照顾、爱和监督。比如，单单这一事实，可能会对美国年轻人的问题上造成极大地影响。这可能意味着下一代，或者其中一部分，可能不得不为此付出额外的钱。这可能意味着我们提高了收入的数字，但代价却是伤害了成百上千的孩子。如果一个人很有钱，但这通过透支未来，谁能说他或她不再是穷人呢？