40m3 h溶解乙炔生产工艺设计

40m3/h溶解乙炔生产工艺设计

The Process Design of Dissolved-acetylene of 40m3/h

目 录

摘要 ................................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ II 引 言 ........................................................................................................................................... 1

第1章 绪论 ............................................................................................................................. 2

1.1 乙炔的制法 ..................................................................................................................... 2

1.1.1 烃类裂解法 .................................................................................................................. 2

1.1.2 由煤直接制取法 .......................................................................................................... 2

1.1.3 电石法 .......................................................................................................................... 3

1.2 电石法制乙炔的发展及现状 ......................................................................................... 3

1.3 产品的发展前景 ............................................................................................................. 3

第2章 工艺方案的比较与选择 ........................................................................................ 4

2.1 乙炔发生工艺的比较与选择 ......................................................................................... 4

2.2 设计压力的比较与选择 ................................................................................................. 5

2.3 溶解乙炔工艺的选择 ..................................................................................................... 6

第3章 工艺设计说明书 ...................................................................................................... 8

3.1 原料规格及产品要求 ..................................................................................................... 8

3.1.1 原料规格 ...................................................................................................................... 8

3.1.2 产品规格要求 .............................................................................................................. 8

3.2 设计任务书及本设计主要工艺技术指标 ..................................................................... 8

3.2.1 设计任务书 .................................................................................................................. 8

3.2.2 湿法乙炔生产原理 ...................................................................................................... 8

3.2.3 工艺流程 .................................................................................................................... 10

3.2.4 主要工艺技术指标 .................................................................................................... 11

3.3 主要公式、物性数据来源及计算公式 ....................................................................... 13

3.4 环保及安全要求 ........................................................................................................... 14

第4章 设计计算书 ............................................................................................................. 16

4.1 物料衡算 ....................................................................................................................... 16

4.1.1 电石加料量 ................................................................................................................ 16

4.1.2 NaClO的消耗量 ........................................................................................................ 16

4.1.3 碱消耗量的计算 ........................................................................................................ 18

4.1.4 顺洗流程逐个设备展开计算 .................................................................................... 18

4.2 主要设备的计算 ........................................................................................................... 21

4.2.1 发生器计算 ................................................................................................................ 21

4.2.2 填料层的压降计算 .................................................................................................... 23

4.2.3 气相传质单元数计算 ................................................................................................ 23

4.2.4 气相总传质单元高度计算 ........................................................................................ 24

4.2.5 填料塔高度计算 .......................................................................................................... 24

4.2.6 持液量计算 ................................................................................................................ 24

4.2.7 支承板选择 ................................................................................................................ 25

4.2.8 液体分布器 ................................................................................................................ 25

4.2.9 发生器、中和塔数据一览表 .................................................................................... 26 结 论 ......................................................................................................................................... 27 致 谢 ......................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................... 28

40m3/h溶解乙炔生产工艺设计

摘要：溶解乙炔是将碳化钙与水作用制得粗乙炔气，经净化、压缩、干燥、再充装至有多孔填料的溶剂（一般采用丙酮）的钢瓶内，使乙炔气体溶解于丙酮中，当使用时将乙炔气体再从丙酮中释放出来。它广泛用于金属的切割、焊接、及各种火焰加工，能满足科研、施工等特殊用户需求。本设计对产量为40m3/h乙炔生产进行了工艺设计，通过对乙炔生产工艺的比较，最终选定了以湿法工艺作为此次设计的工艺生产方法。本文介绍了湿法电石生产乙炔的原理以及设计工艺流程，并进行了物料衡算和对主要设备的工艺计算，最终完成了设备尺寸的确定，绘制了乙炔生产工艺流程图和乙炔发生器设备图。

关键词：电石 乙炔 湿法工艺

I

The Process Design of Dissolved-acetylene of 40m3/h

Abstract: Calcium carbide reacts with water to produce crude acetylene gas. The gas is purified, compressed, dried and then filled to the porous packing solvent (acetone), thus the acetylene gas is dissolved in acetone. The gas is called Dissolved-acetylene. The acetylene gas will be released from acetone if used. It is widely used for metal cutting, welding and flame processing, and be able to meet the needs of scientific research, construction, etc.. On the yield, the paper is about the 40m3/h of acetylene production process design. By comparison of the acetylene production methods, the wet acetylene is the final selection of the design production process. This article describes the principle of production of acetylene with wet calcium carbide and the process design, material balance and the calculation of process of major equipment. The size of the equipment is determined and the diagram of acetylene production process and acetylene generating equipment are drawn in the finally.

Keywords: calcium carbide; acetylene; wet production process

II