直译与意译练习 翻译131班 张宇菲

直译与意译练习

一. 汉译英

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? 1 国际上风云变幻 changes are taking place in the international situation 2 星火燎原 a spark can burn the prairie 3 世上无难事，只怕有心人 nothing is impossible to a willing mind 4 统一不是你吃掉我，也不是我吃掉你。Unification doesn’t mean merger. 5 血浓于水 blood is thicker than water 6 扫黄 anti-pornography 7 社会丑恶现象 social evils 8 纸老虎 paper tiger 9 解铃还需系铃人 People should end the troubles then made 10 吃大锅饭 people gain same reward no matter how much they have paid 11 菜篮子工程 non-staple food project 12 不正之风 unhealthy tendency 13 百花齐放，百家争鸣 Let hundreds of flowers bloom, let hundreds of sounds out. 14 杞人忧天 Fear is often greater than danger 15 事实胜于雄辩 Facts are stronger than words 16 多面手 generalist 17东风压倒西风 The east wind prevails over the west wind 18 挽救失足少年 redeem juvenile delinquent 19 赶超世界先进水平 overtake world advanced level 20 过小康生活 living a well-off life 21 计划生育 family planning 22 路遥知马力，日久见人心 Time tries all

二. 要想找一篇全用直译或意译的文章是很难的。下面选取当代作家张贤亮的小说《男人的一半是女人》（1985）开篇段的原文及英文译文。请从直译与意译的角度分析性地对照阅读原文及译文，并就直译与意译在实践中的应用及效果谈谈你的看法。

? 我多少次想把这一段经历记录下来，但不是为这段经历感到愧悔，便是为觉察

到自己要隐瞒这段经历中的某些事情而感到羞耻，终于搁笔。自己常常是自己的对立面。阳光穿窗而入，斜晖在东墙上涂满灿烂的金黄。停留在山水轴上的蛾子蓦地飞起来，无声地在屋里旋转。太阳即将走完自己的路，但她明日还会升起，依旧沿着那条亘石不变的途径周而复始；蛾子却也许等不到明天便会死亡，变成一撮尘埃。世上万千生物活过来又死去，有的自觉，有的不自觉，但都追求着可笑的长生或永恒。而实际上，所有的生物都获得了永恒，哪怕它只在世上存在过一秒钟。那一秒钟里便有永恒。我并不想去追求虚无缥缈的永恒。永恒，已经存在于我的生命中了!

? 译文：How many times that I wanted to stick down this period of experience, but I was

ashamed of itself and the awareness of those things among it which I preferred to hide. So I finally stopped. The opposite of us is always ourselves. The afterglow shining through the window spread on the east war with golden yellow. The moth resting on the reel burst on the wing and hovered in silence. The sun was about to dipping but she would rise tomorrow, moving in cycles along the constant track; But the moth would die without tomorrow and turned into ashes. Consciously or unconsciously, the temporal come into

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the world then go away but they are all eager to ridiculous immortal and eternality. In fact, all the living things gain permanentness, even though it has only existed for a second. The existence of a second has permanentness. I don’t want to seek for illusive permanentness. Permanentness has already existed in my life!

（《唯物论启示录》之一 序） ?

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